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Spanish IV AP
n/a
62
Other
11th Grade
04/23/2012

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Term
Change 
Definition
El cambio, evolucionar, modificar, alterar VS. Estancarse(stagnate-stay the same).
Term

Resistance

Definition

la resitencia-frenar(to slow down), cesar(to stop/cease), detener(to stop), oponerse a(oppose object to), rechazar, anular(annul, cancel), prohibir(ban), quejarse, desaprobar, subvertir(to subvert), socavar(to undermine).

Term

Control 

Definition

el control-control, restringir(restrain), apoderarse(take power over), oprimir(oppress), manipular, subyugar(subjugate), impedir

Term

" Give in"

Definition

resignarse, conformar, "Give uo"-rendirse

Term

Lead 

Definition

dirigir(to direct), encabezar(to head up), guiar(to guide)

Term

Denial and refusal 

Definition

La negacion-negar(to deny), negarse a(to refuse), privar(to deny, deprive of), prohibir(prohibit, deny) discrepar de(to disagree with), no estar de acuerdo, no respetar 

Term

Acceptance and approval 

Definition

la aceptacion-acoger(to welcome, invite), aprobar(to approve), promulgar(to pass an act, amendment,...), ratificar(confirm0, coincidir con (agree with), estar de acuerdo(agree with), permitir, consentir(agree to).

Term

Take advantage of 

Definition

aprovecharse de, beneficiarse de, explotar(can be positive or negative)

Term

Spread 

Definition

Diffusion- la difusion-transmitir(transmit-send), difundir(spread), diseminar(spread ideas), repartir, distribuir

Term

Caution 

Definition

Stability vs. risk- estable, estabilidad, estabilizar, prevenir, precaver-to take precautions, cauteloso(cautious), precavido(cautious) vs. Precario(unstable), peligroso(dangerous), arriesgarse(to risk oneself)

Term

Intersection of cultures, nations, foods 

Definition

la interseccion de culturas, naciones,....intercambiar(exchange), hacer comercio(trade), asimilar(assimilate), adaptarse a(adapt to), integrarse(to integrate into), integrar, sintetizar(synthesize), diversificar, la fusion 

Term

Exclusion 

Definition

La exclusion-marginar(marginalize), degradar(quitarle el valor, degrade), aislar(ostrocize), enajenar, excluir(exclude), homogenizar, "get rid of"  la fusion s

Term

Teach and Skill

Definition

inculcar(instill " values" "ideas), adiestrar(train), diestro(skilled), habil(skilled), capaz, la capacidad(skill), la habilidad(skill), la destreza(skill), dictar(teach a class0

Term

La separacion 

Definition

separarse, alejarse de(to remove oneself), distanciarse de

Term

"Results in", "leads to" 

Definition

dar lugar a, tener como resultado, dar como resultado; (produce) producir, crear, generar; (cause) ocasionar, causar, provocar, acarrear(problems, dilemas, conflictos); (contribute) contribuir a

Term

"Comes from" 

Definition

Provenir, originarse en, arraigarse en(tener raices en)

Term

"Show"

Definition

desvelar, poner de manifiesto, descrubir 

Term

"Deal with"

Definition

lidiar con 

Term

"pay attention to" VS. Ignore 

Definition

prestar atencion, vigilar(monitor) vs. hacer caso omiso, ignorer, desconocer(can me to know be aware or overlook)

Term

"Overcome"/ " get over"

Definition

superar, liberarse de, aliviarse de

Term

"Depend on"

Definition

depender de 

Term

Discenir 

Definition

discern(distiguish), distinguir(distiguish)

Term

la produccion 

Definition

rendir( to produce vs. rendirse-to give up), producir; productivo, fructifero(productive, fruitfull); rendimiento(performance, production).

Term

Increase and strenthen vs. Decrease and weaken El aumento 

Definition

aumentar, incrementer( el incremento), proliferar(multiplicarse)(la proliferacion-multiplicacion), fortalecer-to make strong(fortalecimiento), intensificar VS. la disminuicion(reduction)-disminuir(reduce), reducir( la reduccion), aminorar(to make less), deteriorar(deterioro), decaer(perder fuerza)(decadencia), debilitarse- to weaken(debilitamiento-weakening), decrecer(decrease)(decrecimiento-decrease).

Term

La ayuda

Definition

ayudar, amparar, el amparo, facilitar(hacer mas facil), auxiliar(el auxilio), proteger(la proteccion), util(useful, helpful) vs. dificultar(hacer mas dificil), interferir, no dejar progresar

Term

" Encourage"

Definition

alentar, fomentar(industry/competition/bad/habits/growth), estimular, motivar, promover(promote/encourage)

Term

"To get rid of'

Definition

prescindir de, erradicar(destroy completely), eliminar, exacerbar(to make worse)

Term

"To avoid"

Definition

evitar vs. " To confront"-afrontar, enfrentar, confrontar

Term

 

Hacer peor 

Definition

empeorar(to make worse), agravar(make more severe) exacerbar(to make worse)

Term

Tener 

Definition

disponer de, contar con

Term

No Tener 

Definition

carecer de, faltar(to be lacking,lack) escasear(to be scarse); escasez(shortage), escaso(scarse)

Term

Tener que 

Definition

es imprescindible que, es indispensable que, es necesario que

Term

Dar 

Definition

proporcionar, aportar(give); otorgar, conceder(grant); proveer, suministrar(provide)

Term

Afectar

Definition

influiren, tener un impacto, repercutir(have negative consequence, tener como consequencia, contribuir a; perjudicia,danar(perjudicial,danino,nocivo, perniciose(harmful)(harm);poner en riesgo, comprometer( jeopardize); beneficiar,hacer,prosperar(make prosper)(beneficioso,provechoso), mejorar(improve)

Term

Negativo 

Definition

apremiante(pressing,urgent), adverse(adverse-negative), contrario

Term

Positivo 

Definition

favorable, auspicioso(promising), alentador(encouraging), eficaz, eficiente, provechoso(beneficial,useful,profitable)

Term

Conllevar 

Definition

traer 

Term

Trabajar 

Definition

esforzarse, empenarse(to insist on), esmerarse,dedicarse a

Term

To get 

Definition

Obtener(to get)(object), conseguir(attain), recibir, adquirir

Term

Pursue 

Definition

aspirar a___________(aspire to), buscar, dedicarse a____

Term

Cotidiano 

Definition

Every day(la vida cotidiana-every day life)

Term

El medio ambiente 

Definition

la contaminacion9pollution)-contaminar- to pollute, el calentamientoglobal(globalwarning),preservar(converse)conservar(conserve), reciclar(recycle), vigilar( to look out for),refugio(refuge),medioambiente(enviorment),medioambiental(enviormental)elsuelo(land),abastacimiento(supply0,suministro(supply),recurso(resource)renovable(renewable),inagotable(inexhaustible),drretir(melt), derritimiento(melting), enfriar

Term

La economia 

Definition

la rentabilidad-return on investment, asequible-affordable, divisa-currency, desarollo sustentable(substentable(sustainable development) el declive economico-economic decline

Term

la politica 

Definition

rehen-hostage,secuestrar(to kidnap),amenazar(to threaten)

Term

Pretender Vs. Aparentar

Definition

(to intend to) vs. (to pretend)

Term

Asistir Vs. Atender 

Definition

(ir a) vs (to attend to, take care of)

Term

Realizar 

Definition

(to make happen, carry out; llevar a cabo) vs darse cuenta de, reconocer(realize)

Term

Pasar 

Definition

(to spend time) vs. Aprobar(to pass laws, regulations...)

Term

Poblacion 

Definition

population 

Term

Experimentar 

Definition

to experience 

Term

a condicion de que 

Definition

on condition that, provided that 

Term

a fin de que 

Definition

so that , in order that

Term

a menos que 

Definition

unless

Term

a no ser que 

Definition

in spite of

Term

antes(de)que 

Definition

before 

Term

Como si 

Definition

as if 

Term

con tal (de) que 

Definition

provided that 

Term

en caso de que 

Definition

in case that 

Term

mientras que 

Definition

while, so long as,as long as 

Term

Definition

or 

Term

para que 

Definition

but 

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