Term
Making commands with the imperative mood (FORMAL COMMANDS)- used when making commands or when telling people what to do
Rules:
1. Many are conjugated the same as the Subjunctive
2. Formal commands are given with usted and ustedes
a. Habl´a´r -> hable (ust) and hablen (usts)
b. Com´e´r -> coma (ust) and coman (usts)
c. Viv´i´r -> viva (ust) and vivan (usts)
i.e. -ar -> ´e´, -er + -ir -> ´a´ |
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Definition
Making commands with the imperative mood (FORMAL COMMANDS) - used when making commands or when telling people what to do
Rules:
1. Many are conjugated the same as the Subjunctive
2. Formal commands are given with usted and ustedes
a. Habl´a´r -> h___ (ust) and h___(usts)
b. Com´e´r -> c__ (ust) and c___ (usts)
c. Viv´i´r -> v___ (ust) and v___ (usts)
i.e. -ar -> ´__´, -er + -ir -> ´__´ |
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Term
Making commands with the imperative mood (FORMAL COMMANDS)- Verbs ending in -gar and -car change to -gue and -que in the subjunctive
1. buscar -> busque (ust) and busquen (usts)
2. llegar -> llegue (ust) and lleguen (usts) |
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Definition
Making commands with the imperative mood (FORMAL COMMANDS) - Verbs ending in -gar and -car change to -gue and -que in the subjunctive
1. buscar -> b___ (ust) and b___ (usts)
2. llegar -> l___ (ust) and l___ (usts) |
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Term
Making commands with the imperative mood (FORMAL COMMANDS) - Irregular verb exceptions
1. dar -> dé (ust) and den (usts)
2. estar -> esté (ust) and estén (usts)
3. ir -> vaya (ust) and vayan (usts)
4. ser -> sea (ust) and sean (usts)
5. saber -> sepa (ust) and sepan (usts) |
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Definition
Making commands with the imperative mood (FORMAL COMMANDS) - Irregular verb exceptions
1. dar -> d__ (ust) and d__ (usts)
2. estar -> e__ (ust) and e__ (usts)
3. ir -> v__ (ust) and v__ (usts)
4. ser -> s__ (ust) and s__ (usts)
5. saber -> s__ (ust) and s__ (usts) |
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Term
Making commands with the imperative mood (FORMAL COMMANDS) - Examples
1. Vaya al médico
2. Hable más despacio por favor
3. Doble a la izquierda
The negative formal commands are the same.
1. No hable
2. No vaya
3. No anden solos |
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Definition
Making commands with the imperative mood (FORMAL COMMANDS) - Examples
1. Go to the doctor
2. Speak more slowly, please
3. Turn left
The negative formal commands are the same.
1. Don´t talk
2. Don´t go
3. Don´t walk alone. |
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Term
Making commands with the imperative mood (INFORMAL COMMANDS) - Notes
1. Unlike formal commands, familiar (informal) commands are simple construct in affirmative and complicated in negative.
2. They have more irregular verb forms
3. This book only focuses on the (tú) informal commands. |
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Definition
Making commands with the imperative mood (INFORMAL COMMANDS) - Notes
1. Unlike formal commands, familiar (informal) commands are simple construct in affirmative and complicated in negative.
2. They have more irregular verb forms
3. This book only focuses on the (tú) informal commands. |
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Term
Making commands with the imperative mood (INFORMAL COMMANDS) - Informal affirmative commands
+ Same as the present ´usted´
1. hablar -> habla
2. comer -> come
3. vivir -> vive
4. pensar -> piensa
5. dormir -> duerme
6. pedir -> pide
7. conducir -> conduce
8. llegar -> llega |
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Definition
Making commands with the imperative mood (INFORMAL COMMANDS) - Informal affirmative commands
+ Same as the present ´usted´
1. hablar ->
2. comer ->
3. vivir ->
4. pensar ->
5. dormir ->
6. pedir ->
7. conducir ->
8. llegar -> |
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Term
Making commands with the imperative mood (INFORMAL COMMANDS) - Informal affirmative commands (Irregular form)
1. decir -> di
2. hacer -> haz
3. ir -> ve
4. poner -> pon
5. salir -> sal
6. ser -> sé (fucking how hard!)
7. tener -> ten
8. venir -> ven |
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Definition
Making commands with the imperative mood (INFORMAL COMMANDS) - Informal affirmative commands (Irregular form)
1. decir ->
2. hacer ->
3. ir ->
4. poner ->
5. salir ->
6. ser -> __ (fucking how hard!)
7. tener ->
8. venir -> |
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Term
Making commands with the imperative mood (INFORMAL COMMANDS) - Informal affirmative commands (Irregular form) - Examples
1. Sé bueno
2. Ten cuidado!
3. Ven con nosotras
4. Pide la cuenta, por favor |
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Definition
Making commands with the imperative mood (INFORMAL COMMANDS) - Informal affirmative commands (Irregular form) - Examples
1. Be good
2. Be careful
3. Come with us
4. Ask for the check, please |
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Term
Making commands with the imperative mood (INFORMAL COMMANDS) - Informal NEGATIVE commands (for tú only)
Rules: Use no before verb and Add an -s to the end of the singular formal commands (aka Subjunctive)
1. hablar -> no hables
2. comer -> no comas
3. vivir -> no vivas
4. pensar -> no pienses
5. dormir -> no duermas
6. pedir -> no pidas
7. conducir -> no conduzcas
8. llegar -> no llegues |
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Definition
Making commands with the imperative mood (INFORMAL COMMANDS) - Informal NEGATIVE commands (for tú only)
Rules: Use no before verb and Add an -s to the end of the singular formal commands (aka Subjunctive)
1. hablar ->
2. comer ->
3. vivir ->
4. pensar ->
5. dormir ->
6. pedir ->
7. conducir ->
8. llegar -> |
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Term
Making commands with the imperative mood (INFORMAL COMMANDS) - Informal NEGATIVE commands (for tú only) - Irregular verbs
Rules: smae changes for irregular verbs
1. dar -> no des
2. estar -> no estés
3. ir -> no vayas
4. ser -> no seas
5. saber -> no sepas
6. decir -> no digas
7. hacer -> no hagas
8. poner -> no pongas
9. venir -> no vengas |
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Definition
Making commands with the imperative mood (INFORMAL COMMANDS) - Informal NEGATIVE commands (for tú only) - Irregular verbs
Rules: same changes for irregular verbs
1. dar ->
2. estar ->
3. ir ->
4. ser ->
5. saber ->
6. decir ->
7. hacer ->
8. poner ->
9. venir -> |
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Term
Making commands with the imperative mood (INFORMAL COMMANDS) - Informal NEGATIVE commands (for tú only) - Irregular verbs - EXAMPLES
1. No seas malo
2. No tengas miedo
3. No le des más vueltas
4. No conduzcas tan rápido, por favor |
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Definition
Making commands with the imperative mood (INFORMAL COMMANDS) - Informal NEGATIVE commands (for tú only) - Irregular verbs - EXAMPLES
1. Don´t be bad
2. Don´t be afraid
3. Don´t think about it anymore
4. Don´t drive so fast, please |
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Term
First-person Plural Commands (Imperative)
Stem Change E->IE. Noramal verbs conjugate to Subjunctive.
1. hablar -> habl´e´mos (present=hablamos)
2. comer -> comamos
3. vivir -> vivamos
4. pensar -> pensemos
5. querer -> queramos |
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Definition
First-person Plural Commands (Imperative)
Stem Change E->IE. Noramal verbs conjugate to Subjunctive.
hablar ->
comer ->
vivir ->
pensar ->
querer -> |
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Term
First-person Plural Commands (Imperative)
1. dormir -> durmamos (present=dormimos)
2. mentir-> mintamos (present=mentimos)
3. pedir-> pidamos (present=pedimos) |
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Definition
First-person Plural Commands (Imperative)
1. dormir -> ___ (present=dormimos)
2. mentir-> ___ (present=mentimos)
3. pedir-> ___ (present=pedimos) |
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Term
First-person Plural Commands (Imperative) - Examples
1. Andemos juntos -
2. Durmamos en un hotel
Only exception with verb ir, which uses the present affirmative.
3. Vamos a la tienda
...and the imperative in the negative.
4. No vayamos a la tienda |
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Definition
First-person Plural Commands (Imperative) - Examples
1. Let´s walk together
2. Let´s sleep in a hotel
Only exception with verb ir, which uses the present affirmative.
3. Let´s go to the store now
...and the imperative in the negative.
4. Let´s not go to the store. |
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Term
First-person Plural Commands (Imperative) - Examples
If wary of using the first person command, you can replace it with a question using ´nosotros´ in the present tense. Meaning Shall we?
1. Escribimos el email ahora?
2. Pedimos un vinito? |
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Definition
First-person Plural Commands (Imperative) - Examples
If wary of using the first person command, you can replace it with a question using ´nosotros´ in the present tense. Meaning Shall we?
1. Shall we write the email now?
2. Shall we order some wine? |
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Term
Commands with Reflexive Verbs
Personal (reflexive pronouns) used with reflexive verbs
1. me
2. te
3. se
4. os
5. nos
6. se |
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Definition
Commands with Reflexive Verbs
Personal (reflexive pronouns) used with reflexive verbs
1. me
2. you
3. him/her/it
4. you
5. us
6. them/you |
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Term
Commands with Reflexive Verbs - Affirmative Imperative
In affirmative commands, both formal and informal, the pronoun is tacked onto the end of the verb. Note the verb needs to maintain the stree in the same place that it has in the present, this means placing a (´) on the third to last syllable in ther imperative
1. Olvídese de eso (present=olvida, sub.=olvide)
2. Váyanse a casa
3. Levántate.
4. Lávate las manos. |
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Definition
Commands with Reflexive Verbs - Affirmative Imperative
In affirmative commands, both formal and informal, the pronoun is tacked onto the end of the verb. Note the verb needs to maintain the stree in the same place that it has in the present, this means placing a (´) on the third to last syllable in ther imperative
1. Forget about that
2. Go home
3. Get up
4. Wash your hands |
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Term
Commands with Reflexive Verbs - Negative Imperative pg. 214
In the negative imperative, formal and informal, the present pronoun is placed before the verb.
1. No se olvide de eso (present=olvida, sub.=olvide)
2. No se vayan a casa
3. No te levantes.
4. No te laves las manos. |
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Definition
Commands with Reflexive Verbs - Negative Imperative pg. 214
In the negative imperative, formal and informal, the present pronoun is placed before the verb.
1. Don´t forget about that
2. Don´t go home
3. Don´t get up
4. Don´t wash your hands |
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Term
Commands with Reflexive Verbs - Imperative pg. 214
For first person (nosotros) commands, the -s of -emos is dropped in the affirmative.
1. Sentemos + nos = Sentémonos
2. Levantemos + nos = Levantémonos |
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Definition
Commands with Reflexive Verbs - Imperative pg. 214
For first person (nosotros) commands, the -s of -emos is dropped in the affirmative.
1. Let´s site down
2. Let´s get up. |
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Term
Commands with Reflexive Verbs - Imperative pg. 215
With first person (nosotros) commands, the reflexive verb irse uses vamos in the affirmative and vayamos in the negative
1. Vamos + nos = Vámonos
2. No nos vayamos
If wary of using the first person command, you can replace it with a question using ´nosotros´ in the present tense. Meaning Shall we?
3. Nos vamos?
4. Nos sentamos? |
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Definition
Commands with Reflexive Verbs - Imperative pg. 215
With first person (nosotros) commands, the reflexive verb irse uses vamos in the affirmative and vayamos in the negative
1. Let´s go
2. Let´s not go.
If wary of using the first person command, you can replace it with a question using ´nosotros´ in the present tense. Meaning Shall we?
3. Shall we go?
4. Shall we sit down? |
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Term
HACER
Affirmative
1. yo -
2. tú haz
3. ud. haga
4. nos. hagamos
5. vos. haced
6. uds. hagan
Negative
1. yo -
2. tú no hagas
3. ud. no haga
4. nos. no hagamos
5. vos. no hagáis
6. uds. no hagan |
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Definition
HACER
Affirmative
1. yo
2. tú
3. ud.
4. nos.
5. vos.
6. uds.
Negative
1. yo
2. tú
3. ud.
4. nos.
5. vos.
6. uds. |
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Term
HACER
Affirmative
1. yo -
2. tú sé
3. ud. sea
4. nos. seamos
5. vos. sed
6. uds. sean
Negative
1. yo -
2. tú no seas
3. ud. no sea
4. nos. no seamos
5. vos. no seáis
6. uds. no sean |
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Definition
SER
Affirmative
1. yo
2. tú
3. ud.
4. nos.
5. vos.
6. uds.
Negative
1. yo
2. tú
3. ud.
4. nos.
5. vos.
6. uds. |
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Term
TENER
Affirmative
1. yo -
2. tú ten
3. ud. tenga
4. nos. tengamos
5. vos. tened
6. uds. tengan
Negative
1. yo -
2. tú no tengas
3. ud. no tenga
4. nos. no tengamos
5. vos. no tengáis
6. uds. no tengan |
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Definition
TENER
Affirmative
1. yo
2. tú
3. ud.
4. nos.
5. vos.
6. uds.
Negative
1. yo
2. tú
3. ud.
4. nos.
5. vos.
6. uds. |
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Term
COMER
Affirmative
1. yo -
2. tú come
3. ud. coma
4. nos. comamos
5. vos. comed
6. uds. coman
Negative
1. yo -
2. tú no comas
3. ud. no coma
4. nos. no comamos
5. vos. no comáis
6. uds. no coman |
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Definition
COMER
Affirmative
1. yo
2. tú
3. ud.
4. nos.
5. vos.
6. uds.
Negative
1. yo
2. tú
3. ud.
4. nos.
5. vos.
6. uds. |
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Term
VER
Affirmative
1. yo -
2. tú ve
3. ud. vea
4. nos. veamos
5. vos. ved
6. uds. vean
Negative
1. yo -
2. tú no veas
3. ud. no vea
4. nos. no veamos
5. vos. no veáis
6. uds. no vean |
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Definition
VER
Affirmative
1. yo
2. tú
3. ud.
4. nos.
5. vos.
6. uds.
Negative
1. yo
2. tú
3. ud.
4. nos.
5. vos.
6. uds. |
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Term
IMPERATIVE GENERAL RULES!
1. Most conjugations are in the SUBJUNCTIVE! (except for Affirmatives of tú and vosotros)
2. Yo has NO imperative tense
3. Aff. tú uses the ustede present indicative. i.e. habla. However, its negative is in subjunctive.
4. Vosotros removes -ar,-er,-ir and adds -ad. e.g. hablar -> hablad, ver -> ved, comer -> comed.
5. tú affirmative has the most irregular forms. e.g., ser -> sé, tener -> ten, ir -> ve |
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Definition
IMPERATIVE GENERAL RULES!
1. Most conjugations are in the ______! (except for Affirmatives of ______ and ______)
2. Yo has ______ imperative tense
3. Aff. tú uses the ______ present indicative. i.e. habl_. However, its negative is in ______.
4. Vosotros removes -ar,-er,-ir and adds -__. e.g. hablar -> habl__, ver -> v__, comer -> com__.
5. tú affirmative has the most irregular forms. e.g., ser -> s__, tener -> t__, ir -> v__ |
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Term
IMPERATIVE GENERAL RULES!
1. Most conjugations are in the SUBJUNCTIVE! (except for Affirmatives of tú and vosotros)
2. Yo has NO imperative tense
3. Aff. tú uses the ustede present indicative. i.e. habla. However, its negative is in subjunctive.
4. Vosotros removes -ar,-er,-ir and adds -ad. e.g. hablar -> hablad, ver -> ved, comer -> comed.
5. tú affirmative has the most irregular forms. e.g., ser -> sé, tener -> ten, ir -> ve |
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Definition
IMPERATIVE GENERAL RULES!
1. Most conjugations are in the ______! (except for Affirmatives of ______ and ______)
2. Yo has ______ imperative tense
3. Aff. tú uses the ______ present indicative. i.e. habl_. However, its negative is in ______.
4. Vosotros removes -ar,-er,-ir and adds -__. e.g. hablar -> habl__, ver -> v__, comer -> com__.
5. tú affirmative has the most irregular forms. e.g., ser -> s__, tener -> t__, ir -> v__ |
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Term
IMPERATIVE GENERAL RULES!
1. Most conjugations are in the SUBJUNCTIVE! (except for Affirmatives of tú and vosotros)
2. Yo has NO imperative tense
3. Aff. tú uses the ustede present indicative. i.e. habla. However, its negative is in subjunctive.
4. Vosotros removes -ar,-er,-ir and adds -ad. e.g. hablar -> hablad, ver -> ved, comer -> comed.
5. tú affirmative has the most irregular forms. e.g., ser -> sé, tener -> ten, ir -> ve |
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Definition
IMPERATIVE GENERAL RULES!
1. Most conjugations are in the ______! (except for Affirmatives of ______ and ______)
2. Yo has ______ imperative tense
3. Aff. tú uses the ______ present indicative. i.e. habl_. However, its negative is in ______.
4. Vosotros removes -ar,-er,-ir and adds -__. e.g. hablar -> habl__, ver -> v__, comer -> com__.
5. tú affirmative has the most irregular forms. e.g., ser -> s__, tener -> t__, ir -> v__ |
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