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| no one, nobody, not anyone |
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| someone, somebody, anyone |
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| Lima, Machu Picchu, La musica andina, llamas y alpacas |
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| hors d'oeuvres, appetizers |
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| absolute superlative "extremely", "super" or "very" |
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| Ciudad de Guatemala, el quetzal (un pajaro), los mayas y la ropa tradicional disenos de colores vivos |
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| tener (irregular preterites) |
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| tuve, tuviste, tuvo, tuvimos, tuvisteis, tuvieron |
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| venir (irregular preterites) |
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| vine, viniste, vino, vinimos, vinisteis, vinieron |
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| decir (irregular preterites) |
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| dije, dijiste, dijo, dijimos, dijisteis, dijeron |
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| dar (irregular preterite) |
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| di, diste, dio, dimos, disteis, dieron |
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| poner (irregular preterite) |
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| puse, pusiste, puso, pusimos, pusisteis, pusieron |
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| estar (irregular preterite) |
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| estuve, estuviste, estuvo, estuvimos, estuvisteis, estuvieron |
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| querer (irregular preterite) |
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| quise, quisiste, quiso, quisimos, quisisteis, quisieron |
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| hacer (irregular preterite) |
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| hice, hiciste, hizo, hicimos, hicisteis, hicieron |
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- used to ask for a definition or an explanation
- used before a noun has the same meaning as cual |
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- is when when there is a choice among several possibilities
- cannot be used before a noun |
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la isla de Pascua, los deportes de invierno, astronomia y vino
- Santiago de Chile es capital |
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| to have a date, to have an appointment |
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| imperfect tense -ar verbs |
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| aba, abas, aba, abamos, abais, aban |
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| ia, ias, ia, iamos, iais, ian |
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| ia, ias, ia, iamos, iais, ian |
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| iba, ibas, iba, ibamos, ibais, iban |
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| era, eras, era, eramos, erais, eran |
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| veia, veias, veia, veiamos, veiais, veian |
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- habitual or repeated actions
- events or actions that were in progress
- physical characteristics
- mental or emotional status
- telling time
- age |
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- express actions that are viewed by the speaker as completed
- express the beginning of end of a past action
- narrate a series of past actions or events |
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- describe an ongoing past action with no reference to its beginning or end
- express habitual past actions or events
- describe physical and emotional states of characteristics |
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- las parques nacionales
- las plantaciones de cafe
- una nacion progresista
- el capital is San Jose |
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| familiar positive commands |
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| irregular affirmative tu commands (familiar) |
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| decir (di), hacer (haz), ir (ve), poner (pon(, salir (sal), ser (se), tener (ten), venir (ven) |
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| irregular negative tu command |
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| dar (no des), estar (no estes), ir (no vayas), saber (no sepas), ser (no seas) |
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- motion or general location
- duration of an action
- reason or motive for an action
- object of a search
- means by which something is done
- exchange or substitution
- unit of measure |
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- destination
- deadline or a specific time in the future
- purpose or goal
- purpose
- the recipient of something
- comparison with others or an opinion
- in the employ of |
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| stressed possessive adjectives |
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- mio/a
- tuyo/a
- suyo/a
- nuestro/a
- vuestro/a
- suyo/a |
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- inmigracion europea
- el tango
- las cataratas de Iguazu
- el capital de Argentina es Buenos Aires |
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ar- e, en
er- a, an
ir- a, an |
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| irregular formal commands |
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| dar (de), estar (este), ir (vaya), saber (sepa), ser (sea) |
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ar- e, es, e, emos, eis, en
er- a, as, a, amos, ais, an
ir- a, as, a, amos, ais, an |
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| irregular verbs in the present subjunctive |
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| dar (de, des, de, demos, deis, den), estar (este, estes, este, estemos, esteis, esten), ir (vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayais, vayan), saber (sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepais, sepan), ser (sea, seas, sea, seamos, seais, sean) |
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| El Canal de Panama, la mola, el mar y el capital es La Ciudad de Panama |
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