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| declining marginal utility |
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Definition
| As consumers obtain more of something, each additional unit of that thing brings progressively less utility. (More you have, less you need it). |
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| Quantity of a good or service that consumers are actually buying at the current market price |
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| Purchase of something or deposite of money for future financial profit |
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| Exclusive control of the market supply of a product or service. |
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| a situation in which the entire market demand for a product or service consists of only one buyer |
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| the condition of being obsolete or out of date |
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Term
| per capita gross national product |
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Definition
| A measure of the total output of a country that takes the gross domestic product (GDP) and divides it by the number of people in the country. |
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| An economy that is neither growing nor shrinking. |
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| The uptake and storage of carbon in a carbon sink, such as the oceans, or a terrestrial sink such as forests or soils, in order to keep the carbon out of the atmosphere. |
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| (Or 'CHP'). The production of both heat and electricity from the same device or power plant. |
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| A measure of the conservation of energy by a device from input to output. |
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| creating more goods and services while using fewer resources and creating less waste and pollution. |
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| The theory that environmentalism will benefit the economy |
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| The proportion of the amount of energy used for the satisfaction of personal needs and energy use of non-personal demand. |
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| any technology that is more environmentally friendly than a comparable existing technology |
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| Theory that ideas are instruments, that they should guide our actions and can change the world, and that their value consists not in their truth but in their success |
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| Opposition of industrial change or innovation |
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| Theory that the global economy is dependent on natural resources and ecosystem services that nature provides |
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| Resources that are either not being produced by nature or are produced much more slowly than they are used by humans. In other words, resources that are not able to be replenished in millenia (e.g. coal, oil, gas, nuclear). |
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| the time when the production of oil in the world is at its highest level |
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| Produced by nature at similar rate to human consumption. In other words, resources which can be replenished from immediately to a century or two (e.g. biomass, hydro, wind, tide, solar, geothermal). |
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| The attempt to use technology to solve a problem. |
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| The total knowledge and skills available to any human society for industry, art, science, etc |
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| A lifestyle focused on simpler ways (e.g. amish). |
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| a structured, iterative process of robust decision making in the face of uncertainty, with an aim to reducing uncertainty over time via system monitoring. |
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| Living on or near the bottom of a body of water. |
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| Exchange of goods and services that takes place without agreement of the parties in a market; pollution is generally considered an externality. The costs of an action suffered by others than those that benefit from the action. |
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| Organisms that live on the surface or within the water column in coastal, near-coastal or ocean areas |
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Definition
| Pertains only to those areas or resources in which rights and responsibilities do not exist or are not enforced. Tragedy of the Commons is the depletion of a shared resource by individuals, acting independently and rationally according to each one's self-interest, despite their understanding that depleting the common resource is contrary to their long-term best interests. |
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| The value that an object, event or state of affairs possesses in virtue of its capacity to elicit pleasure or displeasure |
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| The occurrence of greater species diversity and biological density in a border between ecotypes than in any of the adjacent ecological communities. |
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| An unsettled, uncultivated region left in its natural condition, especially (1) A large wild tract of land covered with dense vegetation or forests, (2) An extensive area, such as a desert or ocean, that is barren or empty; a waste, or (3) A piece of land set aside to grow wild. |
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Definition
| a survey-based economic technique for the valuation of non-market resources, such as environmental preservation or the impact of contamination |
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| An economic technique that attempts to quantify the cost of replacement or rectification of an intangible asset |
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Definition
| Non-monetary value methods using a complex metric approach to apply values to intangible assets, |
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| Use of a tradeable value such as land price to estimate an environmental component |
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| Use of cable system to extract timber from forests in areas where traditional access methods are difficult |
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| Removal of all trees from a logging area whether commercial or not. Often linked to high erosion and monoculture reforestation |
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Definition
| a nature centred rather than human centred set of values |
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Definition
| the equal rights of any organism, ecology, landscape or process due to its very existence rather than any monetary or human value |
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| natural selection operating between groups of organisms, rather than between individuals which produces adaptations that benefit the group |
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| The management of land or forest for more than one purpose, such as wood production, water quality, wildlife, recreation, aesthetics, or clean air |
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| A forest that has attained great age without significant disturbance, and thereby exhibits unique ecological features, in some cases may be classified as a climax community |
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| A logging road allowing trucks and equipment access to a coupe |
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| A way of managing a renewable natural resource such that harvest can continue indefinately. |
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| The population that can be supported by a given resource, as in the number of people that can be supported by agricultural land. |
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| Travel to see distinctive examples of scenery, unusual natural environments, or wildlife. |
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Term
| limits of acceptable change |
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Definition
| the specification of acceptable conditions, analysis of the relationship between existing conditions and those judged acceptable, identification of actions necessary and monitoring and evaluation of management effectiveness |
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| The value that a natural object, event or state of affairs possesses in virtue of its capacity to elicit pleasure or displeasure |
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| Destruction of the feeling or ambience of a place by development of an ecotourism attraction |
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| The act of activity conducted for enjoyment rather than any material gain |
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Term
| recreational opportunity spectrum |
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Definition
| A tool that integrates outdoor recreation and tourism with other land uses in forest management plans. It constitutes a practical response to the ecological and social dimensions of carrying capacityand attempts to balance outdoor recreation and tourism with biological diversity protection |
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| Ecotourism operations that destroy the resource that they are dependent on |
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| travel for recreation, leisure or business purposes |
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