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space exploration
quiz 2
33
Physics
Undergraduate 3
10/04/2010

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Cards

Term
earth’s magnectic field
Definition
the trajectory of the particle(s)
Term
how are we safe on earth?
Definition
radiation- earth’s atmosphere, the large particles from the solar wind- the magnetic field
Term
how does the effect of solar storms on satellites?
Definition
damage by the em radiation
Term
how does the effect of a solar storm on humans?
Definition
realse high energy particals cause cancer
Term
effects on beautiful
Definition
large brightening of the aurora
Term
what are the effects of on technology on earth?
Definition
disrupted communication systems, disrupted navigation,effects on electric power grids
Term
what are the effects of space exploration of the solar storm
Definition
radiation hazards to humans, effects on satellites, tion
Term
A solar storm is
Definition
CME  
Term
Enhanced emission
Definition
solar storms
Term
Black Body radiation
Definition
in the solar spectrum for an object that is 6000 k hot
Term
The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Definition
the sun emits electromagnetic radiation
Term
the sun emits electromagnetic radiation
Definition
The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Term
what are solar emissions?
Definition
Electromagnetic radiation
Term
what are Solar     Emissions made off?
Definition
Solar wind of protons, HE nuclei, and electrons
Term
pp6 slide 34
Definition
Term
magnetosphere looks like?
Definition
looks a little bit like a streamlined car from the 30’s.
Term
what is a radiation belt?
Definition
is a torus of energetic charged particles (plasma) around Earth, held in place by Earth's magnetic field.
Term
How much percent is the atmosphere near the surface?
Definition
75% of the atmosphere exists within 11 km of the Earth’s surface.
Term
How much atmosphere in 30 km
Definition
99%
Term
the earth's atmosphere consist of?
Definition
Nitrogen (78.1%)
 Oxygen (20.9%)
 Small amounts of argon (0.9%)
 Carbon dioxide (~ 0.035%)
 Water vapor
 And other gases.
Term
what are the four layers of the atmosphere?
Definition

[image]- Troposphere - 0 - 7/17 km, temperature decreasing with height

- Stratosphere - 7/17 - 50 km, temperature increasing with height

- Mesosphere - 50 - 80/85 km, temperature decreasing with height

- Thermosphere - 80/85 - 650+ km, temperature increasing with   height.

Term
what are the boundaries between the regions?
Definition

Troposphere
Stratosphere

Tropopause (trop. - strat.)

Mesosphere

Stratopause(strat. - meso.)

Thermosphere

Mesopause (meso - Therm.)
Term
The temperature in the Earth’s upper atmosphere (in the thermosphere)
Definition
can change from about 600 Kelvin to more than 2000 Kelvin.
Term
ozone layer
Definition
or ozonosphere, approximately 10 - 50 km, where ozone is found (This is basically the stratosphere).
Term
ionosphere
Definition
the region containing ions: approximately the mesosphere and thermosphere up to 1000 km. 

-- exosphere - above the ionosphere, where the atmosphere thins out into space.
Term
what's above the ionsphere?
Definition
plasmasphere
Term
the Ionsphere size is?
Definition
extends from about 100 km upward to about 1000 km.
Term
The ionosphere is created
Definition
by the extreme ultra-violet radiation from the sun.
Term
Why Do We Worry About the Ionosphere?
Definition
The ionosphere also affects navigation, communicaton, and surveillance systems from space.
The ionosphere affects radio waves that travel from the ground to a satellite or vice versa.
The Ionosphere affects many Technological Systems:

Term
HOW DO we see the aurora's color?
Definition
 As the electrons return to their original energy levels, these atoms emit visible light of distinct wavelengths, to create the colors of the display we see.
Term
where are aurora's located?
Definition
are located in an approximate circular band around the magnetic poles of the earth.
Term
the aurora extends to?
Definition
The aurora extends from about 100 km altitude to about 200 km altitude
Term
HOw are aurora's caused?
Definition

 The aurora is caused by charged particles from the magnetosphere and the solar wind colliding with atmospheric atoms and ions.

(diagram on pp9 slide 22-24)

 

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