Term
|
Definition
Many place names are changing Away from colonially-inspired names Here we use new names Exception: Burma Military dictatorship calls it Myanmar Population still prefers Burma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tropical wet, mostly Rain comes two ways: Monsoons and ITCZ El Niño can cause drought every 2-7 years Tropical soils are productive when undisturbed Once cleared, not enough detritus to remain fertile Continuous warm temperatures in lowlands (consistently above 65 degree f) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Region of peninsulas and islands Two main peninsulas: Indochina and Malay Similar to South Asia, formed by tectonic stress of Indian sub-continent hitting Eurasia Mountainous with gorges carved by rivers Major rivers: Irrawaddy, Salween, Chao Phraya, Mekong, Black, and Red Volcanic archipelagos Sumatra, Java, and New Guinea Philippines Dangerous volcanic and tectonic action Tsunami 2004: 230,000 dead Creates new land Sundaland: now-submerged continental shelf Allowed animals, people to cross to islands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Twice the pop. of U.S. in half the space 60% live along coastlines, on floodplains, deltas 38% urban, but rapidly growing Manila, Jakarta, Bangkok: rural migrants Some low fertility rates: Singapore, Thailand Rapid economic rates, high literacy Still, young populations ensure growth HIV/AIDS growing: ‘brothel’ culture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Colonization Portuguese: Colonized Timor-Leste Spanish: Colonized the Philippines Dutch: Colonized Indonesia; highly economically successful French: Colonized Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos British: Colonized Burma Only independent country: Siam/Thailand |
|
|
Term
| People of SE asia (early people) |
|
Definition
►Peopling of Southeast Asia 40,000-60,000 years ago: Australo-Melanesians ►Hunter-gatherers; can still be found in uplands 10,000 years ago: Austronesians Farmers and sea-farers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
►Cultural Influences Influences from the sea ►Islam from the Mughals, Buddhism from China |
|
|
Term
| Struggle for Independence |
|
Definition
►Struggles for Independence §World War II: formal end of European colonies §1954: Dien Bien Phu ►Defeat of French in Indochina, beginning of U.S. role in Vietnam War (anti-communism) §1975: End of Vietnam War, rise of Khmer Rouge §Growth of some economies since 1960s ►Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Philippines ►Neo-colonialism? |
|
|
Term
1. Burma is called ________ by the military. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
2. _________ was never colonized. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
3. El Niño causes ___________ every 2 to 7 years |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
4. Southeast Asia climate is largely __________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
5 & 6. The rain in Southeast Asia is due to _____________ and ______________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
7 & 8. Southeast Asia landform consists of _____________ and _______________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
9 & 10. The peninsulas are __________ and ____________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
11. The now submerged continental shelf is _______________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
12. The islands of Southeast Asia are referred to as ___________________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ring of Fire refers to areas prone to what kinds of activities? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Displacement of a body of water by tectonic activity usually causes a series of waves called ___________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Roughly ____________ people lost their due to the tsunami of December 26, 2004. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Malaysia was a colony of ____________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
17 & 18. The Philippines were ceded to __________ by __________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
19. In 1954, the French were defeated in ______________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
20. South Vietnamese was supported by the __________________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| . More than ___________ occupy Southeast Asia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
22 & 23. The land area of Southeast Asia is ____________ the land area of the _________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
►Decline of agriculture (1/6 of GDP) §Still, 60% practice some form of agriculture §Shifting cultivation in highlands, coastal regions of islands §Wet (or paddy) rice production: most productive §Commercial farming for cash crops ►Combines tracts, reduces labor ►Environmental damage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
►Patterns of Industrialization §Asian Tigers … Light industry, with some advanced industry (Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand) §Rapid economic transformation §1970s: switch from import substitution to EPZs ►Free trade zones with reduced taxes, regulation ►Southern Growth Triangle: Singapore-Johor-Riau triad; exploits wage disparities across borders ►Repression of labor unions, feminization of labor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
►Development strategies §Focus on tourism … fastest growing industry ►6% of world’s total visitors, doubled from 1991-2001 ►Vulnerable to natural and human disasters ►Threatens cultural heritage §Undervaluation of currency §Imposed tariffs to protect markets §Local capital investment §Exports with richer industrialized nations §Trade block (Association of SE Asian Nations) § § |
|
|
Term
| Association of SouthEast Asian Nations (ASEAN) |
|
Definition
§Regional free trade organization, converted from Cold War alliance ►Members largely trade with developed states because they all produce similar goods ►Focuses on non-confrontational accords §E.g., Southeast Asian Nuclear Weapons-Free Zone Treaty ►Potential free trade relationship with China |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
►Significant barriers to democracy §Socialist regimes control Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam §Military dictatorship in Burma (and Thailand presently) §‘Asian Values’ … Confucius used to guard against democracy §Economic progress not linked to political progress §Indonesia … Pancasila (Dharma Wanita), separatist movements (Timor-Leste) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
►Cultural pluralism §Inhabited by many distinct groups ►Kept that way by complex topography ►In urban areas, some homogenization ongoing ►Resettlement programs, migration contributing ►Still, 1000 of world’s 6000 languages spoken here §Overseas Chinese: especially prominent entrepreneurs ►Increasing participation in civic affairs |
|
|
Term
| Sex tourism and religious pluralism |
|
Definition
►Sex tourism ►Most prominent in Thailand ►Growth of organized crime, coercion of girls, HIV ►Religious Pluralism §Heavily influenced by outside religions brought by traders §Buddhism found on mainland, Islam on islands, with exception of Philippines/Timor-Leste (Catholicism) §Some hybridization of religions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Mainly to India and Saudia Arabia basically become enslaved |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
§Newly married couple live with wife’s family ►Family headed by oldest male ►Ritual avoidance: wife mediates between her husband and father §Women remain discriminated against in the workplace ►However, some countries’ women obtaining more education than men |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
►Migration §Rural-to-urban migration significant ►Displaced farmers moving to primate cities §Resettlement programs ►Moving labor to resources; assimilation of provinces §Extraregional migration results in remittances ►Remittances: Philippines’ largest source of foreign exchange §Refugees from natural disasters or war |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
►Deforestation §second highest rate after sub-Saharan Africa §‘Cut and run’, illegal logging more common than legal logging §Growth of population fuels environmentally destructive farming practices ►Erosion of topsoil |
|
|
Term
| Other Enviornmental Issues |
|
Definition
►Mining §Strip-mining to extract copper, silver, gold §Lack of regulation, government complicity in quelling protests ►Air pollution §Caused by fires set on logged forestland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
►Similar environments, differing levels of development ►Burma: Rich in natural resources (teak) §Poor as a result of isolation, junta (opium) ►Thailand: Rapid industrialization §Growth, but rural inequality and urban slums |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
►Share the Mekong River, colonial past §Remain essentially Communist countries ►Vietnam: most populous by far §1980s: doi moi program marketized the economy §Low wages, rapid growth ►1 million new workers per year |
|
|
Term
| Malaysia, Signapore, Brunei |
|
Definition
►Most economically successful countries ►Malaysia: 25 million people, many ethnicities; success in assimilation §Some conflicts with overseas Chinese §Policy of Bumiputra ►Singapore: Overwhelmingly Chinese §Wealthy city-state: manufacturing, shipping, finance |
|
|
Term
| Indonesia and Timor-Leste |
|
Definition
►Indonesia: product of imperialism §Java and Sumatra: most productive islands §Volcanic ash makes soil fertile §Resettlement programs supported by Pancasila, the policy of national cohesion ►Timor-Leste: independence in 2002 after rebellion from Indonesia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
►7000 islands; Luzon is largest §Volcanic: eruption of Mount Pinatubo in 1991 ►Former U.S. protectorate (taken from Spain) ►Manila: capital, one of world’s largest cities ►Resettlement: attempts to assimilate Muslims in the south ►Economic dominance of Chinese and Spanish |
|
|
