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Sonography
N/A
42
Pharmacology
Professional
04/24/2013

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Term
sound waves beyond the audible range use frequencies of:
Definition
1-10 MHz
Term
transmission of high frequency mechanical vibrations greater than:
Definition
20 kHz
Term
described by the Curie brothers in 1880
"pressure electric" describes property of certain crystals (quartz) expanding and contracting in response to the application of an electric field
Definition
piezoelectric effect
Term
device that converts electrical energy to ultrasonic energy
has a transmitter and receiver
Definition
ultrasound transducer
Term
measures the ability to distinguish between adjacent structures
Definition
resolution
Term
a propagation of energy that moves back and forth or vibrates at a steady rate
Definition
acoustic wave
Term
ultrasonic wave can be focused, refracted reflected, or scattered between different media
Definition
acoustic impendance
Term
ultrasound beam can be reflected depending on the difference in ____ between two media and ___ to which the beam hits the interface
Definition
acoustic impedance
angle
Term
reduction of acoustic amplitude along propagation pathway as a result of diffraction, absorption, scattering, reflections, or any other process that redirects the signal away from the receiver
Definition
attenuation
Term
soundwaves that are reflected by internal structures back to transducer
Definition
echoes
Term
mechanical oscillations that are trasnmitted by particlesin gas, liquid, or solid medium
Definition
sound waves
Term
sound waves beyond the audible range of 16,000-20,000 Hz
Definition
ultrasound
Term
bending wave fronts
Definition
refraction
Term
acoustic energy reflected from a structure that interferes with the expected path
Definition
reflection
Term
diffusion or redirection of sound in different directions
Definition
scattered
Term
to concentrate sound beam into a smaller beam than would exist without focusing
Definition
focused
Term
impedes sound transmission
Definition
air
Term
attenuates sound
Definition
bone
Term
sound varies slightly from one to another
Definition
soft tissue
Term
multiple frames per second over selected area of the body
gives ability to visualize structures as they change position
Definition
real-time imaging
Term
a change in the frequency when the mition of laminar or turbulent flow is detected within a vascular structure
determines velocity and direction of blood flow
Definition
doppler effect
Term
technique that assigns a color sclae to the change in frequency or doppler shift
Definition
color flow doppler
Term
signifies direction of flow towards the transducer
Definition
red
Term
signifies a shift away from the transducer
Definition
blue
Term
used inside the transducer, behind the piezoelectric element to absorb useless vibrations
Definition
damping material
Term
used for abdomen and OB (large surfaces)
Definition
curved linear array
Term
used for breast, thyroid, scrotum, limbs, or other superficial areas
Definition
linear array
Term
used for cardiac studies
Definition
sector phased array
Term
transducers range from low frequencies of __ MHz to higher frequencies __ MHz
Definition
1
12-20
Term
the smaller the part imaged, the ___ the frequency used
Definition
higher
Term
has low-level echoes with a good posterior border
Definition
hypoechoic
Term
bright echo reflectors and possible shadowing
may reprsent a tumor, thrombus, or calcification
Definition
hyperechoic
Term
same texture pattern as the surrounding parenchyma with no significant change through transmission
Definition
isoechoic
Term
shows no internal echoes, smooth walls, displays increased through transmission
Definition
anechoic
Term
a mass that shows more than one pattern is considered
Definition
complex
Term
upper abdominal exams are best preformed after patient has been fasting for a minimum of ___ hours to show bile duct distended
Definition
6
Term
abdominal scanning is performed in these planes:
Definition
transverse
oblique
sagittal
coronal
subcostal planes
Term
structures that can be visualized for neonatal neurosonography
Definition
ventricular system
septum pellucidum
corpus callosum
choroid plexus
posterior fossa
vermis
cerebrum
Term
a full bladder is required because it serves as a ___
Definition
sonic window
Term
procedure of choice when evaluating gestational sac, embryo, yolk sac, and amniotic cavities
Definition
endovaginal ultrasound
Term
color flow doppler is used to evaluate
Definition
umbilical cord flow
Term
color flow doppler can also denote ____ within a vessel
Definition
absence of flow
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