Term
| protects from outside environment and regulates movement of water, nutrients and wastes into and out of cell |
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| powerhouse of the cell b/c they make ATP during cell respiration |
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| contain enzymes that aid in the digestion of nutrient molecules and other materials (vacuum cleaners) |
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Definition
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| protein packaging occurs here (post office) |
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Definition
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| transport system of cell, can be either smooth or rough |
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Definition
| endoplasmic reticulum (ER) |
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Term
| storage for water and minerals in plant AND animal cells (much bigger in plant cells!) |
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Definition
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Term
| come in pairs and shoot out spindle fibers during mitosis and meiosis |
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Definition
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Term
| organelle ONLY IN PLANTS that contains green pigment chlorophyll and is used in photosynthesis |
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Definition
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| makes rigid shape of PLANT cell (and also some BACTERIA cells) |
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Definition
1. interphase
2. mitosis
3. cytokenesis |
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Definition
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Definition
| Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase |
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what stage of mitosis is this?
-nuclear membrane dissolves and chromosomes are easily seen under a microscope |
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Definition
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Term
what stage of mitosis is this?
-spindle fibers pull chromosomes to MIDDLE of cell
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Definition
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Term
what stage of mitosis is this?
-spindle fibers PULL APART chromosomes
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Definition
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Term
what stage of mitosis is this?
-nuclear membrane reappears
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Definition
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Term
occurs after mitosis
-cytoplasm and organelles divide (PLANT CELLS, cell plate forms new CELL WALL) |
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Definition
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| Meiosis occurs ONLY in _______. |
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Definition
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Term
what are gametes?
-female?
-male? |
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Definition
sex cells
-(f) eggs
-(m) sperm |
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Term
| what is the result of meiosis? |
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Definition
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Definition
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mRNA enters nucleus and reads the DNA with help of enzyme to put the DNA code into the RNA language. then mRNA leaves nucleus via nuclear pores and enters cytoplasm.
is this transcription or translation? |
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Definition
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Definition
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mRNA binds to a ribosome in the cytoplasm and deliers the DNA code in RNA language. tRNA goes out to find amino acids in the cytoplasm that match the given code. rRNA binds the amino acids together to make a protein.
is this transcription or translation? |
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Definition
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Term
| RNA is made of _____, _________, and ________ ____. |
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Definition
| sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base |
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Term
| what are the three types of RNA? |
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Definition
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Term
| four organic compounds in living things? the macromolecules? |
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Definition
| 1. carbs, 2. lipids, 3. proteins, 4. nucleic acids |
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Term
| what is the MAIN energy currency in cells? (provides energy for life) |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the movement of gas/liquid particles from HIGH to LOW concentration? |
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Definition
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Term
| H2O ONLY moves from HIGH to LOW concentration |
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Definition
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Term
| ions, or charged particles, move across cell membrane. |
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Definition
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Term
| carrier protein "carries" glucose across cell membrane. |
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Definition
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Term
| form on a gene? ex: blue eye color |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what enzyme adds new nucleotides to create a new DNA strand? |
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Definition
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Term
[image]
what process is this? |
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Definition
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Term
vascular or nonvascular?
-well developed transportation system of tissues to transport water & minerals in plant.
ex: flowers, trees, shrubs |
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Definition
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Term
vascular or nonvascular?
-no tissue to transport water & minerals so it MUST be near water
ex: moss, liverworts, hornworts
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Definition
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Term
seed plants that produce cones
ex: conifers, cycads |
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Definition
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Term
seed plants that produce flowers and/or fruit
ex: flower trees, fruit trees |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| lowers the activation energy energy of a reaction |
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Term
| name the seven themes of biology: |
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Definition
| cell structure and function, reproduction, metabolism, interdependence, homeostasis, evolution, heredity |
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Term
| proteins are made on the ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| a cell will swell when place in a _________ solution. |
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Definition
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Term
| a cell will shrink in an _________ solution. |
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Definition
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Term
| a cell will remain the same size if placed in a _________ solution. |
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Definition
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Term
| name the three scientists involved in the cell theory. |
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Definition
| Schwann, Shlieden, & Virchow |
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Term
| the difference in the concentration of molecules across a space is called a ___________ _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| sodium potassium pump: active or passive transport? |
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Definition
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Term
| special proteins that act as biological catalysts? |
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Definition
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Term
| surface shape or cleft on enzyme to which the substrate must fit like a lock and key: |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the equation for photosynthesis? |
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Definition
| light energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 +6CO2 |
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Term
| what are the four tissue types in the human body? |
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Definition
| epithelial, nervous, connective, muscle |
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Term
what is the organization of the human body?
_____→_______→______→_____ _______ |
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Definition
| cells, tissues, organs, organ systems |
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Term
| what is the axial skeleton? |
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Definition
| includes skull, spine, ribs, and sternum. |
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Term
| what is the appendicular skeleton? |
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Definition
| includes arms, legs, pelvis, and shoulders. |
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Term
| soft tissue inside bones that begins the manufacture of blood cells |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| disease that results in brittle bones, affects more women than men |
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Term
| A ______ muscle causes a joint to bend, and an ________ muscle causes a joint to straighten. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
| describes an animals shape or symmetry |
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Term
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Definition
| body parts are arranged around a central axis. |
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Term
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Definition
| animals that have distinct right and left halves |
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Term
| anterior concentration of sensory structures and nerves (beginning of brain, clump of nerves) |
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Definition
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Term
| shows how animals are related through evolution |
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Definition
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Term
| closed circulatory system |
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Definition
| blood pumps through blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| heart pumps a fluid and it collects in open spaces in the body |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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| lie outside the petals and protect bud |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| male reproductive part of flower |
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Definition
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Term
| top of female reproductive part, sticky |
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Definition
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Term
| middle supporting structure of stigma |
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Definition
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| large base, where eggs are produced. |
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