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Definition
| C. Wright Mills: See the connections between private troubles and public issues; can only understand the individual if you place them in a larger context. Agency and structure |
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| Agency (private troubles) |
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Definition
| Intentional and undetermined human action |
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| Structure (public issues) |
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| Recurring pattern of social behavior; constraints on human action |
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Term
| Agency/Structure example of Pinterest |
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Definition
| Agency: logging in, who to follow, what to pin. Structure: constrained by connecting through FB, Twitter, email address, also have to be invited, privacy/copyright laws |
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Definition
| We interpret life through symbols and interaction with other people and institutions; different gender, race, age, political affiliation, family, education, etc may influence how we "read" media text |
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| Tension between structure and agency at 3 levels |
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Definition
| Relationship between institutions, relationships w/in an institution, and relationships between institutions and public |
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Term
| Relationship between institutions (s/a)examples |
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Definition
| Gov't regulations on decency and obscenity, schools using educational news programming, censorship:Anti-Islam video sparks protest and debate |
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Term
| Relationship w/in an institution (s/a) examples |
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Definition
| Anti-piracy: SOPA, PIPA: Hollywood vs. Silicone Valley; golden globe awards; roles in a newsroom; sara baraeilles and sony |
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Term
| Relationships between institution and public (s/a) examples |
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Definition
| Internet "town meetings" during political races; news anchors receiving tweets while on-air; audience: social position can change media consumption patterns (Nielsen research handout) |
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Term
| Social construction of reality |
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Definition
| Process through which facts, knowledge, truth and so on are created, made known, discovered and reaffirmed; what we know to be real, we share with other members of our culture; language is a key tool; reinforce prevailing ideas and suppress conflicting ideas (Ex: saying friendly fire instead of shot our own men |
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Definition
| Owning different steps in the production distribution, exhibition, and sale of a single type of media product. Ex: Film company acquires talent agency, production studio, DVD, manufacturing plant |
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Definition
| Own many different types of media produced in different industries. Ex: ESPN |
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Definition
| The dynamic components of a company work together to produce benefits that would be impossible for a single, separately operated unit of the company. Ex: Horizontal and Vertical Integration |
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| Technological innovation that has resulted in a move away from the mass broadcast audience towards smaller, more specialized niche populations. Ex: Journalists now produce added video, audio, and interactive features for their paper's website |
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Definition
| Fewer corporations owning media. Big company takeover. Ex: Five big companies include, Time Warner, Walt Disney Company, Viacom, News Corporation, and Bertelseman AG. |
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Definition
| Media companies have become part of a much larger corporation, which have become a collection of companies that may operate in highly diverse business areas. Ex: In 1999 merger began between Viacom and CBS |
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Definition
| Integration of mass media, computers and telecommunications. Happens when news organizations share different formats of info for multimedia news. Ex: Star Wars/Star Trek Start with movie, then sequel, then apparel, then stuffed animals |
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Definition
| Number of available channels in any given area |
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| Refers to the degree to which there is diversity in media content readily available to audiences. It is both a matter of ownership (varied media suppliers) and output (varied content). |
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Definition
| The range of actors mentioned and the degree of disagreement within a single newspaper |
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Definition
| The differences in content between two newspapers |
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Term
| homogenization hypothesis |
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Definition
| Bagdikan states that the combination of ownership concentration and growing horizontal integration leads to the absence of competition in the media industry that will lead to the inevitably homogeneous media products that serve the interests of the increasingly small number of owners. WASN'T PROVED |
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Term
| politics of signification |
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Definition
| Stuart Hall said media produce images of the world that give events particular meanings. Ex: 9/11 Does not reflect the world, but represents it, media producers make choices on what to show |
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Term
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Definition
| Marx said dominant ideology: promote worldview of powerful: use media to communicate interpretation of the world, but no guarantee audience will understand or interpret meaning in a uniform way. We prefer to think of media texts as sites where cultural contests over meaning are waged rather than as providers of some univocal articulation of ideology. James Davison said that culture wars are where fundamental issues of morality are fought; media provides" principal forms of public disclosure by which cultural warfare is waged..." (156). |
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Term
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Definition
| Power/dominance one group holds over another; Media frames competing definitions of reality, not permanent; process is subtle. Ex: News Corp (330-332)google holds power over all search engines |
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Term
| News Corp Example (hegemony) |
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Definition
| Example of News Corporation illustrates that, while the tentacles of global corporations extend to all sectors of the media and to all corners of the globe, the control of the corporate conglomerates remains centralized in wealthy, developed nations. |
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Term
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Definition
| Once the nation finds out that it's cool, it's no longer cool. Teens have already moved on to the next thing |
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| "under the radar" marketing |
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Definition
| Hiring teens to log onto chat rooms to promote brands/having parties that promote a certain brand (such as sprite) |
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