Term
| * Key features of a class system |
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Definition
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| * Fastest growing group among the homeless population |
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Term
* The U.S. class structure income and occupational features of each class
Upper Class |
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| * Types of social mobility |
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Definition
intragenerational - mobility over the course of working life intergenerational - mobility across generations Exchange - mobility according to talent Structural - mobility due to expansion of better paid occupations at the expense of more poorly paid ones.
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| The advantages that well-to-do parents often provide their children |
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| * The feminization of poverty |
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Definition
an increase in the proportino of the poor who are female. growing rates of divorce, separation, and signle-parent families
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* Explanations for poverty |
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Definition
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Term
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| Marx thinks that class is determined by the means of production , you either have access or you don't. Weber thinks that class is determined by many indicators like skills and credentials. He also thinks that status is important. |
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| * Parkin's Social Closure |
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Definition
| Any process by which groups try to maintain exclusive control over resources, limiting access to them. Besides property or wealth, most of the characteristics Weber associated with status differences such as ethnic origin language or religion may be used to create social closure. |
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| * How has globalization led to increased inequality in the U.S? |
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Definition
| globalization has led to increased job competition that has lead the gap between rich and poor to grow |
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Term
| * Differentiate between sex and gender |
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Definition
Sex: biological characteristics
Gender: social characteristics |
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| males and females unequal access to power, prestige, and property. |
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* Social vs. biological factors in gender differences in behavior
What is the dominant position? |
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Definition
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Term
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| the dominance of men over women. All known societies are patriarchal, although there are variations in the degree and nature of the power men exercise as compared with women. One of the prime objectives of women's movements in modern societies is to combat existing patriarchal institutions. |
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Definition
| the view that men and women should be equal and that gender stratification should be resisted |
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| form of feminist theory that believes that gender inequality is produced by unequal acces to civil rights and certain social resources, such as education and employment, based on sex. They tend to seek solutions through changes in legislation that ensure that the rights of individuals are protected. |
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Definition
| form of feminist theory that believes that gender inequality is the result of male domination in all aspects of social and economic life. |
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| a strand of feminist theory that highlights the multiple disadvantages of gender, class and race that shape the experiences of nonwhite women. Black feminist reject the idea of a single, unified gender oppression that is experienced evenly by all women and argue that early feminist analysis reflected the specific concerns of white middle-class women. |
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Term
| * Why women are underrepresented in political office |
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Definition
| because local politics are mostly part-time jobs with no clear career path and considered good "women's work" whereas the positions farther from home become fulltime jobs with clear career paths and are considered "men's work" |
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Term
| * Differentiate between race and ethnicity |
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Definition
| Ethnicity is cultural and social practices whereas race is biological |
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Definition
the holding of preconceived ideas about an individual or group, ideas that are resistant to change even in the face of new information. Prejudice may be either positive or negative. |
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Term
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Definition
- institutional racism (woven into the fabric of all institutions)
- biological racism (old)
- cultural racism (new)
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* Prejudice
Functionalists, Conflict theorists, Symbolic interactionists |
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Definition
Functionalist: examine benefits and costs of descrimination adn the social arrangements that promote / reduce it
Conflict Theorist: groups in power keep workers divided, unorganized, and powerless for their benefit and gain.
Symbolic Interactionist: steriotypes and labels beecome self-fulfilling prophecies |
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Term
* Global patterns of group relations |
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Definition
Genocide
Population transfer Internal colonialism Segregations Assimilation Melting pot Multiculturalism/Pluralism
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Term
* Why has racism thrived in modern societies? |
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Definition
- the exploitive relations that europeans established with the peoples they encountered and conquered.
- cultural opposition between colors white and black (white = good, black = evil)
- the concept of race itself, proposed as scientific theory
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Term
* Wilson’s View
factors in quality of life and issues of inequality for African Americans |
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Definition
| now based on class more-so than race |
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Term
| * Largest ethnic minority group |
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Definition
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Term
| * What is the debate regarding the economic impact of new immigrants? |
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Definition
- immigrants hurt US economy by increasing competition for low-skill jobs
- immigrants ara a cultural asset (melting-pot)
- immigrants help the economy
- immigrants don't effect the economy
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Term
| * What is social gerontology? |
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Definition
| a discipline concerned with the study of the the social aspects of aging. |
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Term
| * Functionalist theories of aging (1st generation) |
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Definition
| as people became older it was most functional for them to move out of the workforce (because they could no longer perform their job ably) and it was most functional for the youth that was coming in to replace them. |
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| * Social conflict theories of aging (2nd generation) |
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Definition
| the elderly are seen as competing with the young for scarce resources. |
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| * Self-concept and aging theories (third generation) |
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Definition
| refute both the conflict and funtionalist theories, stating that the aging population have some control over how they experience old age. |
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Term
| * Changes in the economic conditions of the elderly |
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Definition
| they have been steadily improving since 1970 and now hover at about %10 |
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Term
* Research on aging and social isolation
focus: which elderly are most likely to have problems with isolation and loneliness |
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Definition
| women in the oldest old category |
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Term
| * Worst fear about growing old among most Americans |
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Definition
| losing their health and independance |
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| term coined by educators to refer to older-adult learning |
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Term
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Definition
- ephasize building on the extensive life experience of oder people
- not a standard undergrad classromom format
- informal
- combines the learners concrete experience with more theoretcial sorts of knoledge
- draws on the interests and concerns of the learners
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Term
* The U.S. class structure income and occupational features of each class
Middle Class |
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Definition
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Term
* The U.S. class structure income and occupational features of each class
Working Class |
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Definition
Blue and Pink Collar workers 18-34K two workers per household make just enough to cover the basics - maybe a vacation
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Term
* The U.S. class structure income and occupational features of each class
Lower Class |
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Definition
part-time or unemployed lower than 18K unstable 'dead end' jobs no benefits mostly in cities poverty mostly non-white
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Term
* The U.S. class structure income and occupational features of each class
Underclass |
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