Term
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Definition
| the importance and definition of deviant acts differs as a result of the different factors behind the act (when, where, context, who, who saw) |
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Definition
| behavior as a result of, relating to, or prescribing a norm or standard |
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| demonic possession (as an approach to deviance) |
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Definition
| deviance as a product of the control over a human form by a demon |
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Term
| Cesare Lombroso's theory (of atavism) |
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Definition
| sociologist who agued that deviants were, in effect, biological failures, labeling them atavists (or evolutionary throwbacks) |
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Definition
| sociologist who theorized that a person's body shape plays a role in criminality |
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Definition
| individual with tall, thin, and fragile physique |
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Definition
| individual with a tendency to be short and heavy |
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Definition
| an individual with a physique that is muscular and athletic |
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Definition
| the totality of beliefs and sentiments common to the average members of the same society |
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Term
| structural strain (as an explanation of deviance) |
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Definition
| perspective taken by Emile Durkheim through his study of suicide that put the blame on the growth and complexity of modern society explaining deviance |
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Term
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Definition
| a sociological term meaning "personal feeling of a lack of norms; normlessness". It was popularized by French sociologist Émile Durkheim |
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Definition
| a term describing when people are not well integrated into society and lack ties to their social groups |
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Term
| Robert Merton's view on anomie |
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Definition
| according to Robert Merton, a situation that occurs when there is a disjuncture between the goals promoted by society and the availability of legitimate means to achieve those goals |
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Term
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Definition
| student of Merton, an American sociologist who, along with Lloyd Ohlin, influenced the theory of anomie |
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Term
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Definition
| student of Merton, sociologist who, along with Richard A. Cloward extended Merton's analysis on deviance by suggesting that "just as legitimate means to success are unequally distributed in society, so are illegitimate means" |
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Term
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Definition
| Sociologist and jazz musician who made the point that deviance is a learned social behavior through his study of marijuana use |
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Definition
| theory of deviance that focuses not on the one who commits the deviant act but on the response of the audience |
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Term
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Definition
| sociologist who described the difference between primary and secondary deviation |
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Term
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Definition
| the kind of deviant acts that most everyone does from time to time; frequently, may go unnoticed and unsanctioned |
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Term
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Definition
| deviant behavior that occurs after and because of the fact that the individual already has been labeled as deviant |
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Definition
| sociologist who argued that the stigma of negative social labels can work to spoil a person's identity |
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Term
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Definition
| described by Goffman as "any attribute that discredits a person or disqualifies him or her from 'full social acceptance'" |
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Term
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Definition
| the social identity of one who hides a stigma and is hereby vulnerable to being found out and discredited |
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Term
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Definition
| a social identity that has been marred owing to stigma |
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