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Sociology
Masters Chapter 7
29
Sociology
Undergraduate 3
11/22/2008

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Term
Non-probability sampling
Definition
Any technique in which samples are selected in some way not suggested by probability theory
Term
Purposive sampling
Definition
Where the units to be observed are selcted on the basis of the researcher's judgment about which ones will be the most useful or representative. aka Judgmental sampling.
Term
Snowball sampling
Definition
non-prob. often employed in field research, whereby each person interviewed may be asked to suggest additional people for interviewing.
Term
Quota sampling
Definition
non-prob. units are selected into a sample on the basis of pre specified characteristics, so that the total sample will have the same distribution of characteristics assumed to exist in the population being studied.
Term
Informant
Definition
Someone who will tell you what you need to know
Term
Probability sampling
Definition
general term for samples selected iin accord with the prob. theory, typically involving some random-selection mechanism.
Term
EPSEM
Definition
(Equal prob. of selection method.) Everyone has an equal chance of being selected
Term
element
Definition
that unit of which a pop is composed and which is selected in a sample
Term
Population
Definition
the theoretically specified aggregation of the elements in a study
Term
study population
Definition
that aggregation of elements from which a sample is actually selected.
Term
random selection
Definition
a sampling method in which each element has an equal chance of selection independent of any other even in the selection process
Term
sampling unit
Definition
that element or set of elements considered for selection in some stage sampling
Term
parameter
Definition
the summary description of a given variable in a population
Term
statistic
Definition
the summary description of a variable in a sample, used to estimate a population parameter
Term
sampling error
Definition
the degree of error to be expected in probability sampling.
Term
the formula for determining sampling error contains these 3 factors...
Definition
the parameter, the sample size and the standard error
Term
confidence level
Definition
the estimated probability that a population parameter lies within a given confidence interval
Term
confidence interval
Definition
the range of values within which a population parameter is estimated to lie
Term
sampling frame
Definition
that list or quasi list of units composing a population from which a sample is selected.
Term
simple random sampling
Definition
a type of probability sampling in which the units composing a pop are assigned numbers. A set of random numbers is then generated, and the units having those numbers are included in the sample
Term
systematic sampling
Definition
a type in witch every kth unit in a list is selected for inclusion in the sample. i.e. every 25th student...
Term
sampling interval
Definition
the standard deviation (k) between elements selected from a population for a sample
Term
sampling ratio
Definition
the proportion of elements in the population that are selected to be in a sample
Term
sampling interval equation
Definition
population size divided by sample size
Term
sampling ratio equation
Definition
sample size divided by population size
Term
stratification
Definition
the grouping of the units composing a population into homogeneous groups (or strata) before sampling
Term
cluster sampling
Definition
a multistage sampling in which natural groups (clusters) are sampled initially, with the members of each selected group being subsampled afterward
Term
PPS
Definition
(Probability proportionate to size) This refers to a type of multistage cluster sample in which clusters are selected, not with equal probabilities but with probabilities proportionate to their sizes - as measured by the number of units to be subsampled
Term
weighting
Definition
assigning different weights to cases that were selected into a sample with different probabilities of selection.
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