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Sociology
Methods
19
Sociology
Undergraduate 2
09/21/2015

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Term
Quantitative
Definition
Seek to obtain information about the social world that is already or can be converted to numerical form
Term
Qualitative
Definition
Attempt to collect information about the social world that cannot be readily converted to numeric form
Term
Deductive
Definition
Starts with a theory from a hypothesis, makes empirical observation and then analyzes data
Term
Inductive
Definition
Starts with empirical observation and then works to form a theory
Term
Correlation
Definition
shows a relationship, not a cause
Term
Causation
Definition
Clear and direct effect (change in one factor causes change in another)
Term
To establish causality
Definition
Need correlation, time order and ruling out alternatives
Term
Time order
Definition
When did the two events happen... so does it make sense that one causes the other
Term
Ruling out
Definition
Is there a third factor responsible for changes in both
Term
Dependent variable
Definition
Outcome you are trying to explain
Term
Independent variable
Definition
Measured factors that you believe have a casual impact on the dependent variable
Term
Operationalization
Definition
how will be measure the variables in question??
Term
Validity
Definition
Measuring what you intended
Term
Reliability
Definition
How likely you are to repeat the results
Term
Generalizability
Definition
the extent to which we can claim that our findings inform us about a group larger than the one we studied
Term
Reflexivity
Definition
subjects acting differently because they know you are studying them
Term
Participant Observation
Definition
observing behavior in practice (involves a significant time commitment)
Term
Interviews
Definition
Self explanatory... but sometimes may not be the best, when looking at unwanted info
Term
Survey research
Definition
ordered series of questions - but response rates are falling
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