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Sociology Flashcards
Test 2
31
Sociology
Undergraduate 3
10/23/2011

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Term
Role Strain
Definition
Tension among roles connected to a single status
Term
Role Exit
Definition
process by which people disengage from important social roles
Term
Social Group
Definition
tow or more people who identify and interact with one another
Term
Social Crowd
Definition
people who do not know one another but associate in some way
Term
Primary Group
Definition
a small social group whose members share personal and enduring relationships
Term
Secondary Group
Definition
a large and impersonal social group whose members pursue a specific goal or activity
Term
Expressive Leadership
Definition
focuses on collective well-being (expressions)-earns affection
Term
Instrumental Leadership
Definition
focuses on the completion of tasks (earns respect)
Term
Authoritarian Leadership
Definition
i tell you what to do and you do it
Term
Democratic Leadership
Definition
talk then vote kind of leadership
Term
Laissez-faire leadership
Definition
hands off leadership
Term
Solomon Asch-Group Conformity
Definition
We learn to fit in
Term
Stanley Milgram-Obedience to Authority
Definition
Proves that we are likely to obey authoritarian figures
Term
Irving Janis-Groupthink
Definition
the tendency of group members to conform, resulting in a narrow view of some issues
Term
Social Institutions
Definition
An organized sphere of life, or societal sub-system, designed to meet human needs
Term
Functionalists Perspective
Definition
Views the family as...
1. Socialization
2. regulation of sexual activity
3. social placement
4. material and emotional security
Term
Conflict Perspective
Definition
Views the family as...
1. Property and inheritance
2. Patriarchy-reproduce in the family, diff. expectations within families
3. Endogamy-marry or reproducing within your gene group, marry within social class group
Term
Symbolic Interaction
Definition
Views the family as...
1. Each family member experiences their family differently
2. Family roles provide both constraints and opportunities for behavior
Term
Culture Shock
Definition
the difficulty people have adjusting to a new culture that differs markedly from their own
Term
Subculture
Definition
distinct segments of society, usually have a certain attire to distinguish themselves
Term
Counterculture
Definition
Stands in opposition to the mainstream culture
Term
Ethnocentrism
Definition
the practice of judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture
Term
Deviance
Definition
the recognized violation of cultural norms
Term
Crime
Definition
the violation of a society's formally enacted criminal law
Term
Social Foundations of Deviance
Definition
1. Deviance varies according to cultural norms
2. people become deviant but if someone doesn't recognize them, then they aren't deviant
3. Both norms and the way people define situations involve social power
Term
Deviance and Functionalism: Durkheim
Definition
1. Deviance affirms cultural values
2. Responses to diviance clarify moral boundaries
3. Responses to deviance bring people together
4. Deviance encourages social change
Term
Socialization Agents
Definition
People and groups that influence our orientations to life-our self-concept, emotions, attitudes, and behaviors.
Term
Family as Socialization Agent
Definition
Primary agent of socialization
long-lasting effects
social class differences
Term
Peers as socialization agents
Definition
independence and identity
short-term interests (fads)
Term
Anticipatory socialization
Definition
Learning that helps a person achieve a desired position
Term
School as a socialization agent
Definition
Gender roles in the classroom
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