Term
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Definition
| The study of how diseases and epidemics spread throughout societies. |
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Term
| Who is healthier? Men or Women? |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False - People marry based on romantic love? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between capitalism and socialism? |
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Definition
Capitalism = Economic system in which everyone works individually for their own profit.
Socialism = Economic system in which everyone works together for eachother's profit. |
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Term
| What is the acceptable marriage pattern in the United States? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Personal traits and social positions that people of a society attach to being male or female. |
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Term
| Gender is a matter of what differences? |
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Definition
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Term
| What term refers to males dominating females? |
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Definition
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Term
| The majority of women hold what kind of jobs? |
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Definition
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Term
| What categories of U.S. women do the most housework? |
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Definition
Employed women
Married women
Women with children |
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Term
| What is the difference between what men and women earn from their work? |
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Definition
| The type of work men and women do. |
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Term
| What are some of the sources of social disadvantage? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of feminism seeks to give women the same rights as men? |
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Definition
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Term
| In what direction does marriage push mobility? |
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Definition
Upward.
When you are married you have two incomes.
You are also more likely to try and support more people (your family). |
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Term
| In what direction does divorce push mobility? |
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Definition
Downward.
You only have one source of income.
Fact: Men make more than women. |
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Term
| Name two groups that have less of a change to move upward in mobility. |
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Definition
Lower-class
Poor people
Women |
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Term
| What class has the largest jump in annual income? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between income and wealth? |
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Definition
Income - The money you make in a year.
Wealth - How much money you already have (minus debts). |
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Term
| What is social stratification? |
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Definition
| When a person is born or put into a certain status of society. |
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Term
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Definition
When a person in society moves from one status to another.
When a person has to live in the same status their whole lives. |
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Term
| List 5 characteristics that are affected by social stratification. |
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Definition
Income
Marriage
Race
Religion
Ethnicity
Occupation |
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Term
| How is crime different from deviance? |
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Definition
| Crime is the act of a violation of norms enacted in law. |
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Term
| What is the process in which society tries to control the behavior of individuals? |
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Definition
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Term
| How would a rualist be defined? |
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Definition
| A ritualist could be someone who is low-paid, compulsively conforms, never tries to get ahead but never does anything wrong. |
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Term
| What is the term used for a powerful and negative label that greatly changes a person's self-concept and social identity? |
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Definition
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Term
| What actions illistrate "medicalization of deviance"? |
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Definition
Theft = compulsive stealing
Drinking = alcoholism
Promiscuity = sexual addiction |
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Term
| What status or role is received at birth or assumed later in life? |
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Definition
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Term
| Being an honors student is an example of what status? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the term used for someone who is expected to have a certain behavior because they are in a certain status. |
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Definition
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Term
| Studying the way people make sense of their everyday surroundings is what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Define "presentation of self". |
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Definition
| Trying to make impressions in the minds of other people. |
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Term
| According to sociologists, how does one "get" a joke? |
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Definition
| By understanding the two realities involved and their differences. |
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Term
| When Anna was isolated from the world, what is one long-term affect that accord? |
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Definition
| Her human instincts disappeared after the first few years of her life. |
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Term
| What is the term used for the lifelong social experience where people develop and learn culture? |
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Definition
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Term
| What philosophical approach did Karl Marx use? |
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Definition
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Term
| What approach did Max Weber follow? |
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Definition
| Rationality and tradition |
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Term
| What condition did Durkheim use to provide little moral guidance to individuals? |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False - Weber argued that the development of industrial capitalism came from religious ideas linked to Calvinism. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The study of human society. |
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Term
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Definition
| The study of the larger world and our society's place in it. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ideas created by members of a society |
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Term
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Definition
| The physical things created by members of a society |
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Term
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Definition
| Personal disorientation when in a different and unfamiliar way of life |
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Term
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Definition
| Something with a particular meaning recognized by people of the same culture |
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Term
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Definition
| System that allows people to communicate with one another. |
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Term
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Definition
| System by which one generation passes culture to the next |
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Term
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Definition
| People see and understand the world through language |
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Term
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Definition
What people think of as good, desirable, and beautiful.
Peoples standards |
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Term
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Definition
| Thoughts or ideas that people hold to be true. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rules and expectations by which a society guides its members |
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Term
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Definition
| Norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance |
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Term
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Definition
| Norms of routine or casual interaction |
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Term
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Definition
| Attempts to regulate people's thoughts and behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| Cultural patterns that distinguish a society's elite |
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Term
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Definition
| Cultural pattern that are widespread through a society's population |
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Term
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Definition
| Cultural patterns that set apart a society's population |
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Term
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Definition
| Recognizing cultural diversity and promoting equal cultural standing for all traditions |
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Term
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Definition
| The dominance of European culture |
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Term
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Definition
| Promoting African cultural patterns |
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Term
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Definition
| Cultural patterns that oppose widely accepted patterns in a society |
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Term
| What is the term for the beliefs, values, behavior, and material objects that make up a people's way of life? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Some cultural elements change more quickly than others. |
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Term
| What is it called when someone criticizes an Amish farmer for being "backwards"? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are cultural universals? |
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Definition
| Something that is a part of every known culture. |
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Term
| True or False - People have the same appearance and wear the same clothing. |
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Definition
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Term
| What question could be asked when looking at tea with a macrosociological level? |
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Definition
| How is tea traded and taxed? |
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Term
| What is the process in which one decides what is measured when assigning value to a variable? |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False - Critical sociology seeks to bring about desirable social change. |
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Definition
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Term
| In an experiment, one test-taking class hears music and the other doesn't. What group is the class that does hear the music? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sociological perspective encourages ______. |
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Definition
| Challenging common held beliefs. |
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Term
| True or False - Sociologists focus on both patterns of behavior and anomalies. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Ways in which a human biology affects how we create culture. |
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Term
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Definition
| Seeing society at the largest level |
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Term
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Definition
| Seeing society at a community level |
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Term
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Definition
| Seeing society at an idividual level |
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Term
| What is the difference between structure and agency? |
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Definition
Structure is the social systems (status, institutions)
Agency is the human behavior (role, social change) |
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Term
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Definition
| Patterns of acting, thinking, and feeling. |
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Term
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Definition
| The human being's basic instincts. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cultural values and norms internalized by an individual. |
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Term
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Definition
| A self-image based image on how we think others see us. |
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Term
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Definition
| People (parents, close friends) who have special importance. |
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Term
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Definition
| Widespread cultural norms and values we use as references in evaluating ourselves. |
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Term
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Definition
| Special group whose members have interests, social position, and age in common. |
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Term
| Anticipatory socialization |
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Definition
| Learning that helps a person achieve a desired problem. |
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Term
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Definition
| Delivering impersonal communication to a vast audience. |
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Term
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Definition
| How people act and react in relation to others. |
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Term
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Definition
| A social position a person holds. |
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Term
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Definition
| All the statuses a person holds at one time. |
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Term
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Definition
| A position someone receives at birth or takes on involuntarely. |
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Term
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Definition
| A position someone takes on voluntarely or earns. |
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Term
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Definition
| Status that has special importance for social identity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Something expected of someone who holds a particular status. |
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Term
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Definition
| A number of roles attached to a single status. |
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Term
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Definition
| Conflict among the roles connected to two or more statuses. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tension among the roles connected to a single status. |
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Term
| Social Construction of Reality |
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Definition
| A process in which someone creatively shapes reality through social interaction. |
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Term
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Definition
| Communication using body movements, gestures, and facial expressions. |
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Term
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Definition
| The area over which a person makes some claim to privacy. |
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Term
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Definition
| Two or more people who identify with and interact with one another. |
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Term
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Definition
| A small social group whose members share personal and lasting relationships. |
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Term
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Definition
| A large and impersonal group whose memebers pursue a specific goal or activity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Focuses on the completion of tasks. |
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Term
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Definition
| Focuses on the group's well-being. |
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Term
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Definition
| Serves as a point of reference in making decisions. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A web of weak social ties. |
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Term
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Definition
| Large secondary groups organized to achieve their goals. |
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Term
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Definition
| Organized model rationally designed to perform tasks effeciently. |
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Term
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Definition
| Police, courts, and prison officials that correspond to alleged violations of the law. |
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Term
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Definition
| The idea that deviance and conformity result in how others respond to those actions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Act of moral vengeance by which society makes the offender suffer. |
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Term
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Definition
| The attempt to discourage criminally through the use of punishment. |
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Term
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Definition
| A program for reforming the offender to prevent later offenses. |
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Term
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Definition
| Social stratification based on ascription or birth. |
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Term
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Definition
| People used for the blame of other people's problems. |
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