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Definition
| Social trend driven by product marketing that leads to a preoccupation with individual consumption. Overemphasis on commodities |
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| items that are bought and sold |
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| studied lifestyle and consumption patterns |
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| process of using commodities to represent status to other people. |
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| Commercialization and children |
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Definition
marketing products directly to children has increased.
children tend to be more vulnerable to the influence of advertising.
marketers develop a sense of "brand loyalty" that continues in adulthood |
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Definition
| vast urban region containing a number of cities and suburbs |
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| expansion of cities outward to take up more geographic space |
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Definition
| the trend toward more people living in densely populated areas, known as cities |
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Term
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Definition
Began primarily after wwII
greater availability of cars
highway construction
development of inexpensive housing
GI Bill |
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Term
| use of fossil fuels, air pollution, creating of waste |
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Definition
| Environmental impacts of urbanization |
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Term
connections between people of different social backgrounds within cities
decline of community |
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Definition
| Impacts of urbanization on social interaction |
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Definition
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| based on close ties, stronger sense of community |
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Definition
edwardo boniasilva, people openly deny that they are racist, but still think and act in a racist manner.
ex: Im not racist but... |
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Term
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Definition
the automatic, unrecognized advantages white people have because of race.
ex: I can arrange to be around people of my race most of the time |
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Term
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Definition
| racism still exists, but in more covert and subtle forms |
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Term
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Definition
| a system of ideas and practices that justifies and maintains racial inequality. |
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Definition
| interracial contact, especially early in life, can reduce prejudice and stereotypes |
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Term
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Definition
| Evidence of discrimination |
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Term
| Institutional discrimination |
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Definition
| the subtle, biased practices of an institution or organization. |
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Term
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Definition
| treating individuals unfairly based on their group membership |
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Term
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Definition
| prejudgement of an individual based on their group membership |
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Term
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Definition
unreliable over-generalizations about people based on their group membership.
"believing is seeing" |
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Term
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Definition
| based on the perception of certain physical differences that society considers important |
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Term
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Definition
| based on the perception of cultural differences that society considers important |
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Term
African American
Asian American
Native American
Pacific Islander
White
Other
Latino/Hispanic |
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Definition
| Official racial categories in the U.S. |
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Term
| Social construction of race |
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Definition
Variation across culture: different racial categories exist in different countries.
Variation across time: even within the US racial categories have shifted across time |
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Term
Black:13%
Asian:4%
White: 69%
Other: 2%
Latino/Hispanic: 2% |
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Definition
| Current population of major racial and ethnic groups in U.S. |
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Term
Black: 15%
Asian: 8%
White: 50%
Other: 5%
Latino/Hispanic: 24% |
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Definition
| Population projections of major racial and ethnic groups in the U.S. |
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Term
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Definition
| the division of a large social group or society into ranked categories of people |
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Definition
ascribed status, born into a certain status. No mobility between different levels.
ex: race, feudal system |
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Definition
| mobility between levels is possible |
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| 1 billion people worldwide |
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Definition
| Global stratification and poverty |
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Term
| 12.6% of the US population is classified as living in poverty |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a composite ranking based on various dimensions of social inequality, property, prestige, power, and education |
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Term
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Definition
| a shared identity based on their position in the means of production |
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Definition
| refers to the reproductive characteristics that men and women are born with or develop. |
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Definition
| refers to the cultural meanings, psychological attributes, and social roles associated with sex differences |
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Definition
| the expected behaviors associated with each sex |
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| gender is not something we have its something we do. we perform gender roles and this becomes gender. |
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Definition
an invisible force that pushes men to the top of female dominated professions
Men make up 21% of primary and secondary school teachers, but 56% of principals are men |
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Term
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Definition
| an invisible barrier that inhibits women's advancements in male dominated professions |
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Term
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Definition
| on average, women in the US earn $.77 for every $1.00 that men earn |
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Term
| Gender and the mass media |
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Definition
| men tend to be portrayed as more active, while for women there is an emphasis on physical appearance |
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Term
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Definition
| between 40-50% of women workers reported that they have experienced behavior that fits the legal definition of ... |
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Term
| women have maternity leave, the motherhood penalty, the "second" shift |
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Definition
| Family responsibilities/perceptions |
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Term
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Definition
| marketing products to children within schools has also increased. Children in schools are a captive audience. products appear to carry the schools endorsements |
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Term
| exclusive agreements, incentive programs, sponsorship of educational materials, electronic marketing |
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Definition
| Forms of school commercialism |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which minorities gradually adopt patterns of the dominant culture |
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Definition
| a state in which people of all races and ethnicities are distinct but have equal social standings |
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Definition
| a form of social organization in which makes dominate females |
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Definition
| the advocacy of social equality for women and men, in opposition to patriarchy and sexism |
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Term
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Definition
| the belief that one sex is innately superior to the other |
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Definition
| the physical and social separation of categories of people |
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Term
| Property wealth, prestige level of respect, power-control, education |
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Definition
| Weber's view of social class |
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Term
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Definition
| holds that prejudice springs from frustration among people who are themselves disadvantaged. person or category of people, typically with little power, whom other people unfairly blame for their own troubles |
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Term
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Definition
| the interplay of race, class, and gender, often resulting in multiple dimensions of disadvantage. |
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Term
| Marx’s view of social class |
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Definition
| a class society- a capitalist society with pronounced social stratification |
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Term
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Definition
| social stratification has beneficial consequences for the operation of a society |
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