Term
|
Definition
| Study of the choices people make in an effort to satisfy their wants and needs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ability to see the connection between the larger world and our personal lives. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The science that deals with the behavior and thinking of organisms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Study of the organization and operation of government. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Positive consequence of element of society has for the maintenance of the social system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Negative consequences of an element has for the stability of the social system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Science that studies human society and social behavior. |
|
|
Term
| Functionalist Perspective |
|
Definition
| Theoretical perspective that views society as a set of interrelated parts that work together to produce a stable social system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Comparative study of various aspects of past and preset cultures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| How people relate to one another and influences each other's behavior. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Theoretical perspective that focuses on those forces in society that promote competition. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Perspective that holds that societies evolve towards stability and perfection. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| General set of assumptions about the nature of phenomena. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Empathetic understanding of the meanings others attach to their actions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Study of how an individual's behavior and personality are affected by the social environment. |
|
|
Term
| Interactioist Perspective |
|
Definition
| Theoretical perspective that focuses on how individuals interact with one another in society. |
|
|
Term
| How did the Industrial Revolution influence the development of sociology? |
|
Definition
| Showed a change within the standards and treatment of people within societies. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Norms that do not have great moral significance attached to them. The common customs of everyday life. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Written rule of conduct that is enacted and enforced by the government. By definition, the violation of these norms is considered a criminal act. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Norms that have great moral significance attached to them. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Group that rejects the values, norms, and practices of the larger society and replaces them with a new set of cultural patterns. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Shared products of human groups. These products include both physical objects and the beliefs, values and behaviors shared by the group. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Common features that are found in all human cultures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Individual tool, act, or belief that is related to a particular situation or need. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anything that stands for something else and has a shared meaning attached to it. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Group with its own unique values, norms, and behaviors that exists within a larger culture. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Combination of a number of culture complexes into an interrelated whole. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any object made by human beings, especially with a view to subsequent use. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Group of mutually interdependent people who have organized in such a way as to share a common culture and feeling of unity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Belief that cultures should be judged by their own standards |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Interaction between people that takes place through the use of symbols. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Organization of written and spoken symbols into a standardized system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Shared beliefs about what is good or bad, right or wrong, desirable or undesirable. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cluster of interrelated culture traits. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reward or punishment that is given my some formal organization or regulatory body, such as the government, the police, a corporation, or a school. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Spontaneous expression of approval or disapproval given by an individual or individuals. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Process by which a norm becomes a part of an individual's personality, thereby conditioning the individual to conform to society's expectations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Blending of culturally distinct groups into a single group with a common culture and identity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Enforcing of norms through either internalization or sanctions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Extreme self-centeredness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Situation in which some aspects of the culture change less rapidly, or lag behind, other aspects of the same culture. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of movement that enacts social change. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Spread if cultural traits from one society to another. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| System of beliefs or ideas that justifies some social, moral, religious, political, or economic interests held by a social group or by society. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Long-Term conscious effort to promote or prevent social change. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sanction in the form of a reward. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sanction in the form of a punishment or the threat of punishment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A source of resistance to social change. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Knowledge and tools people use to manipulate their environment for practical purposes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A mix of values and beliefs held by a society. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Specific people, such as parents, brothers, sisters, other relatives, and friends, who have a direct influence on our socialization. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Transmission of genetic characteristics from parents to children. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Interactive process through which individuals learn the basic skills, values, beliefs, and behavior patterns of society. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Unchanging, biologically inherited behavior pattern. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sum total of behaviors, attitudes, beliefs, and values that are characteristic of an individual. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Heredity, or inherited genetic characteristics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Part of the identity that is aware of the expectations and attitudes of society, the socialized self. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Conscious awareness of possessing a distinct identity that separates us from other members of society. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Socialized, spontaneous, self-interested component of the personality and self-identity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Interactive process by which we develop an image of ourselves based on how we imagine we appear to others. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Internalized attitudes, expectations, and viewpoints of society that we use to guide our behavior and reinforce our sense of self. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A place in which we learn and become socialized. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Primary group composed of individuals of roughly equal age and social characteristics. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Group of people who are related by marriage, blood, or adoption and who live together and share economic resources. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Newspapers, magazines, books, television, radio, films, and other forms of communication that reach large audiences without personal contact between the individual sending the information and those receiving it. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Capacity to learn a particular skill or acquire a particular body of knowledge. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The order in which children are born which determines certain characteristics. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The way people interact with one another. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The theory that each child is born as a clean slate, able to learn and grow in whatever way wanted. |
|
|
Term
| Nature vs. Nurture Debate |
|
Definition
| The debate of, non-socialization vs socialization that continues to circulate even today. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Degree of attachments people have to social groups or to society. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The ceremony of coming of age. The rights, and responsibilities placed upon adolescence after reaching a certain age. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Physical maturing that makes an individual capable of sexual reproduction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The cluster effect is the effect of buyers and sellers of a particular good or service congregating in a certain place. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any substance that changes the mood, behavior, or consciousness. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Period between the normal onset of puberty and the beginning of adulthood. |
|
|
Term
| Biological Growth and Development |
|
Definition
| The genetic characteristics that are part of a person, and change as they grow and develop. |
|
|
Term
| Anticipatory Socialization |
|
Definition
| Learning of the rights, obligations, and expectations of a role in preparation for assuming that role at a future date. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A Set of norms that specify the ways in which family structure should be organized. |
|
|
Term
| What factors encouraged the rise of dating? |
|
Definition
| More places to go, freedoms, non-monogamous relationships, groups of people. |
|
|
Term
| Traditional System of Dating |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tendency for individuals to marry people who have social characteristics similar to their own. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The characteristic of adolescence that includes anticipatory socialization. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pressure comes at you from many directions during adolescence. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The expectations for adolescence are unclear. |
|
|
Term
| Increased Decision Making |
|
Definition
| As you become an adult you must learn to make more decisions for yourself. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Theory that focuses on how individuals come to be labeled as deviant. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A series of organizations involved in apprehending, prosecuting, defending, sentencing, and jailing those involved in crimes - including law enforcement, attorneys, judges, courts of law, prisons. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mark of social disgrace that sets the deviant apart from the rest of society. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Situation that arises when the norms of society are unclear or are no longer applicable. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Crime that is committed by and individual or individuals of high social status in the course of their professional lives. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Process of legal negotiation that allows an accused person to plead guilty to a lesser charge in return for a lighter sentence. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A place where justice is administered. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Proportion of associations a person has with deviant versus non-deviant individuals. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Requital according to merits or deserts, especially for evil. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Crimes in which property damage may occur but no person is hurt. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Deviance in a sociological context describes actions or behaviors that violate cultural norms including formally-enacted rules. |
|
|
Term
| Cultural-Transmission Theory |
|
Definition
| Theory that views deviance as a learned behavior transmitted through interaction with others. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A crime that is well organized and planned out before being done. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A crime that is considered violent and harms someone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An act of violent or open resistance to an established government or ruler. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Repeated criminal behavior. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| he action or process of innovating. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Compliance with standards, rules, or laws. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The regular observance or practice of ritual, esp. when excessive or without regard to its function. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Crimes that involve some destruction of property such as vandalism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| System in which scarce resources and rewards are determined on the basis of achieved status. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Marriage within one's own social category |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| System in which scarce resources and rewards are distributed based on ascribed statuses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Marriage outside of one's own social category. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Likelihood individuals have of sharing in the opportunities and benefits of society. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Average number of years a person born in a particular can be expected to live. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Technique used to rank individuals according to social class in which sociologist define social class in terms of factors such as income, occupation, and education. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Respect, honor, recognition, or courtesy an individual receives from other members of society. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Technique used to rank individuals according to social class in which the individuals themselves are asked to determine their own social rank. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Unequal sharing of social rewards and resources. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A rating that combines social factors such as level of education, occupational prestige, and place of residence with the economic factor of income in order to determine an individual's relative position in the stratification system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Movement between social classes or strata in which the individual moves from one social-class level to another. |
|
|
Term
| Intergenerational Mobility |
|
Definition
| Form of vertical mobility in which status differs between generations in the same family. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type of social mobility in which the individual moves from one position in a social-class level to another position in that say social-class. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Most obvious dimension of social stratification because it is made up of the value or everything the person owns and money earned through salaries and wages. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Principal way in which the government attempts to reduce social inequality by redistributing money among various segments of society. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Blending of culturally distinct groups into a single group with a common culture and identity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Policy that allows each group within a society to keep its unique cultural identity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Physical separation of a minority group from the dominant group. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Belief that one's own race or ethnic group is naturally superior to other races or ethnic groups. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Category of people who share physical characteristics or cultural practices that result in the group being denied equal treatment. |
|
|
Term
| Which Minority Group is call a model Minority? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which minority group was relocated to camps during World War II? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which nation practiced extermination? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which minority group was granted U.S. citizenship in 1924? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which minority group is the largest in the U.S? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Practice of placing blame for one's troubles on an innocent individual or group. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the environment developed by humans as contrasted with the natural environment; society as a whole, especially in its relation to the individual. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Maintaining of control over a group through force. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Oversimplified, exaggerated, or unfavorable generalization about a category of people. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Scientific name for Asian Americans |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Scientific name for African Americans |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Scientific name for White Americans. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Were laws put in place to segregate White Americans and African Americans. |
|
|
Term
| Civil Rights Act of 1964? |
|
Definition
| Gave African Americans rights within the U.S. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fought against segregation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nonsupporting generalization about a category of people. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Denial of equal treatment to individuals based on their group membership. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Extermination aimed at intentionally destroying an entire targeted population. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A minority group within the U.S |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Immigrants who are white. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| People who came from Europe to America. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Collective reference to immigrants from the predominantly Catholic counties of Ireland, Italy, France, Poland, and Greece. |
|
|
