Shared Flashcard Set

Details

sociology ch9- sex, gender, and sexuality
N/A
52
Sociology
Undergraduate 2
12/10/2011

Additional Sociology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
sex
Definition
biological characteristic, male vs female
Term
gender
Definition
expected dispositions and behav that culture assign to each sex (masculine vs feminine)
Term
gender roles
Definition

rights and obligations that are normative for men and women in a perticular culture,varry widely across the universe- Wodaabe boys wear makeup and jewelry and care about appearance, women judged on strength, married by women picking which is handsomest

Term
currently 120 boys for every 100 girl
Definition
under age of 5 in china compared to natural 105 to 100
Term
u.s parents prefer 1st child to be a boy
Definition
2 to 1 ratio
Term
yearly 1.5 mill u.s women
Definition
raped/ physically assaulted by intimate partners
Term
in uganda, darfur, bosnia
Definition
armies use rape as a systematic tool to subjugate population and as a form "sport"for soldiers
Term

B/t 100-140 mill women, mostly black 

Definition

have genital mutilation, remove clitoris to eliminate sexual drive in women- very dangerous or deadly

Term

Islamic fundamentalists throw acid onto women’s faces 

Definition

islamic girls that go to school, sometimes blinded

Term
structural funtc- gender division of labor
Definition
man does work outside, girl work at home- functional b/c specialization will: increase expertise of each sex in its own tasks, prevent competition b/t men and women that might damage fam, strengthen fam bonds by forcing men and women to depend on each other
Term
marx and engels- division of labor
Definition
potential for domination and control- built in disadvantage for women b/c speacilizing in fam, women have fewer contact, less info, few independent info
Term
conflict- womens disadvantage is not a historical accident
Definition
designed to benefit men and the capitalist class, ideology thats part of general strategy of stratification, exclude others- need to compete individually reduced
Term
sexism
Definition

men and women have biologically different capacities that these form a legitimate basis for unequal treatment, reduces women's access to scarce recources, allows men to keep resources

Term
discrimination
Definition

women better with children, not schooling- women less likely to become doctor, natural result of sexism

Term

karin martin-boy/girls learn gender normative ways of moving, using physical space, and comporting themselves

Definition

  Studied 112 preschoolers in 5 diff classrooms, and 2 diff schools, w/ 14 diff teachers,a.     Found teachers structure and impose discipline that reinforces gender differences.

Term

   At a sleep away camp over summer: high-ranking boys attained power and popularity primarily 

Definition
through athletic power- teased boys for feminine and girls who were manly- changed patty cake into a cool boy game
Term
By 24-30 months 
Definition

babies can correctly identify themselves and others by sex- appropriate behavior

Term

 Belief that males and females are biologically different 

Definition
keeps them different- boys more strict about them being different
Term

Shari Dworkin- 2 yrs observing at 2 gyms

Definition

 Trainers told girls that they could lift weights w/o fear cause only men can bulk up-25% of women didnt lift cause didnt want masculine muscles-65% that did get muscle lighten wheights

Term
doing gender- gender is what we do, not innately have
Definition

everyday activities that individuals engage in to

affirm their commitment to gender roles

Term
compulsive heterosexuality
Definition
continually demonstrating one's masculinity and heterosexuality
Term
C.J. Pascoe- boys encourage each other to tell about their female sexual conquests, physically and sexually threaten/assault girls
Definition

Teachers did nothing to stop these behaviors even when girls at physical risks, Boys actions and teachers inactions= behaviors natural aspect of masculinity and helped the boys to prove their masculinity to themselves and others

Term
changing gender roles and attitudes will only produce social change
Definition
if there is a parrallel change in social struture of gender
Term
nurseries of rich and poor
Definition
 contain about 50% girls
Term

women’s hormones and men’s gender roles

Definition
 Women live 5 yrs longer then men
Term
boys born in 2015 expect to live 76.4 yrs
Definition
girls can expect 81.4 yrs
Term
men prove masculinity 
Definition
doing dangerous activities
Term
men twice as likely for <3 disease
Definition
less nutritional and dont take care of fam, suicide rate 4x higher
Term

Americans 16 and older- 

Definition
68% of men compared with 57% women are in labor force
Term
fifth grade
Definition
boys-math science, girl-language and literature
Term
now women comprise about 1/2
Definition
all graduates in buisness, pre-law,math, science, history
Term
2006- 19% graduates in engineering women and 25% grads in computer science women
Definition
79% grad in education, 86% in health science, all grad in home economics and library science= women
Term

Women earn less $ 

Definition
b/c the different types of jobs for men, and differences in earnings in same types of occupations
Term

 Women have different jobs b/c

Definition
gendered occupations, different qualifications, and discrimination
Term
women earn less $ cause
Definition
different titles and discrimination
Term
glass ceiling
Definition
invisible barrier to women's promotions
Term
glass escalator
Definition
invisibly helps men rapidly move into administrative positions
Term
maw weber- as important as differences in economic reward
Definition
differences in prestige and power
Term
men dominate verbal interactions
Definition
they take up more of the speaking time, inturrpt more and moresuccesfully
Term
sexual harassment
Definition

unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, or other verbal or physical conduct of sexual nature; 2 froms: law- exists when employer expects sexual favors for something else, when an individual finds it impossible to do job becuase of hostile sexual climate

Term
sex harasment not only reflect womens relative powerless social position
Definition
also helps keep them in that position
Term
feminist movement second wave of feminism
Definition

liberal feminists: involvement in mainstream political and professional organizations and fought for women to gain equal rights

radical feminists:through civil-rights and anti-Vietnam war movements fought for more radical social changes, public awareness to incest, domestic violence and date rape, enjoy sex, birth control

Term
3rd wave of feminism
Definition
emphasize how womens positions had improved, celebrate womens sexual freedom not sexual dangers, ways sexism, racism, class inequality effect diff women
Term
1900- marries black women
Definition
6x more likely to be employed than married white
Term
b/c of low earning and no jobs for black men
Definition
black women and kids 3x more likely than white to live below poverty level
Term
Sexual scripts
Definition

cultural expectations regarding who, where, when, why, how, and with whom one should have sex

Term
teens haveing sex
Definition
increase from 40%in 1950s to 50% for girls 60%for boys in 1980, since then rates declined to about 46%
Term
50% of men and women
Definition
had extramarital affairs
Term
homosexuals
Definition

ppl prefer sexual/romatic relationships w/ same sex

2-6% all americans, twice as high among men

Term
transgendered ppl
Definition
ppl whose sex or sexual identity is not definitively male/female: intersex, transsexuals
Term
intersex ppl
Definition
born with ambiguous genitalia-small penis or overies
Supporting users have an ad free experience!