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Sociology Ch. 13 vocab
Dr. Tribble's ch. 13 vocabulary
33
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
11/10/2010

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Term
animism
Definition
The religious belief that spirits inhabit virtually everything in nature and control all aspects of life and destiny
Term
Buddhism
Definition
One of the world's principal religions; adherents follow the teachings of Buddha, the enlightened one, who preached a doctrine of "Four Noble Truths"
Term
Christianity
Definition
One of the principal religions of the world, followers of which profess faith in the teachings of Jesus Christ
Term
church
Definition
An institutionalized organization of people who share common religious beliefs
Term
Confucianism
Definition
One of the world's principal religions, found mainly in China, adherents of which follow the teachings of Confucius
Term
cults
Definition
Extreme forms of sects that call for a totally new and unique lifestyle, often under the direction of a charismatic leader
Term
denominations
Definition
Well-established and highly institutionalized churches
Term
ecclesia
Definition
An official state religion that includes all or most members of society
Term
ecumenism
Definition
The trend for different denominations to join together in pursuit of common interests in a spirit of worldwide Christian unity
Term
fundamentalism
Definition
The belief that the Bible is the divine word of God and that all statements in it are to be taken literally, word for word
Term
Hinduism
Definition
One of the world's principal polytheistic religions, with no religious hierarchy but a close involvement with society and the cosmic order; it is practiced mainly in India and Pakistan
Term
Islam
Definition
One of the world's principal religions, followers of which adhere to the teachings of the Koran and of Muhammad, a prophet
Term
Judaism
Definition
The oldest religion in the Western world and the first to teach monotheism; today, the Jews are both an ethnic community and a religious group
Term
millennialism
Definition
The belief prevalent among certain sects that there will be a dramatic transformation of life on earth that Christ will rule the world for a thousand years of prosperity and happiness
Term
monotheism
Definition
The belief in one god
Term
mysticism
Definition
The belief that spiritual or divine truths come to us through intuition and meditation, not through the use of reason or via the ordinary range of human experience and senses
Term
polytheism
Definition
The belief in and worship of more than one god
Term
priests
Definition
Religious leaders who owe their authority to the power of their office
Term
profane
Definition
That which belongs to the realm of the everyday world; anything considered mundane and unspiritual
Term
prophets
Definition
Religious leaders who have authority on the basis of their charismatic qualities
Term
religion
Definition
An organized community of believers who hold certain things sacred and follow a set of beliefs, ceremonies, or special behaviors
Term
sacred
Definition
involving objects and ideas that are treated with reverence and awe
Term
sects
Definition
Religious groups that have broken away from a parent church, follow rigid doctrines and fundamentalist teachings, and emphasize "otherworldly," rewards, rejecting or deemphasizing contemporary society
Term
secularization
Definition
The process through which beliefs concerning the supernatural and religious institutions lose social influence
Term
shamanism
Definition
The religious belief that certain persons (shamans) have special charm, skill, or knowledge in influencing spirits
Term
totemism
Definition
The worship of plants, animals, and other natural objects as gods and ancestors
Term
Christianity %
Definition
33%
Term
Islam %
Definition
21%
Term
Hinduism %
Definition
13%
Term
Nonreligious %
Definition
14%
Term
Buddhism
Definition
5.8%
Term
Other
Definition
12%
Term
Judaism
Definition
.23%
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