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Definition
| development that occurs without depleting or damaging the natural environment |
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Definition
| those whose claim to refugee status have not been validated |
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Definition
| a geographic area with high levels of cancer within its population |
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Definition
| the amount of people that can live in a given area considering the amount of available resources |
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Definition
| long-term shifts in temperature and climate due to human activity |
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Definition
| a model of human ecology that views cities as a series of circular rings or zones |
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Definition
| a theory that asserts human ingenuity will rise to the challenge of providing adequate resources for a growing population |
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Term
| demographic transition theory |
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Definition
| a theory that describes four stages of population growth, following patterns that connect birth and death rates with stages of industrial development |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the disposal of broken, obsolete, and worn-out electronics |
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Definition
| the burdening of economically and socially disadvantaged communities with a disproportionate share of environmental hazards |
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Definition
| the sociological subfield that addresses the relationship between humans and the environment |
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Definition
| communities that arise farther out than the suburbs and are typically populated by residents of high socioeconomic status |
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Definition
| a measure noting the actual number of children born |
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Definition
| hydraulic fracturing, a method used to recover gas and oil from shale by drilling down into the earth and directing a high-pressure mixture of water, sand, and proprietary chemicals into the rock |
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Definition
| the entry of upper- and middle-class residents to city areas or communities that have been historically less affluent |
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Definition
| a functional perspective that looks at the relationship between people and their built and natural environment |
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Term
| internally displaced person |
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Definition
| someone who fled his or her home while remaining inside the country’s borders |
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Definition
| a theory asserting that population is controlled through positive checks (war, famine, disease) and preventive checks (measures to reduce fertility) |
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Definition
| a large urban corridor that encompasses several cities and their surrounding suburbs and exurbs |
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Definition
| the area that includes a city and its suburbs and exurbs |
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Definition
| a measure of the number of people in a population who die |
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Term
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Definition
| “Not In My Back Yard,” the tendency of people to protest poor environmental practices when those practices will affect them directly |
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Definition
| the introduction of contaminants into an environment at levels that are damaging |
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Definition
| a snapshot of the demographic profile of a population based on fertility, mortality, and migration rates |
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Term
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Definition
| a graphic representation that depicts population distribution according to age and sex |
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Definition
| an individual who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster |
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Definition
| the ratio of men to women in a given population |
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Definition
| the communities surrounding cities, typically close enough for a daily commute |
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Definition
| the subfield of sociology that focuses on the study of urbanization |
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Definition
| the study of the social, political, and economic relationships of cities |
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Definition
| the migration of economically secure white people from racially mixed urban areas toward the suburbs |
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Term
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Definition
| a theoretical goal in which the number of people entering a population through birth or immigration is equal to the number of people leaving it via death or emigration |
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