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Sociology 2e CH17
Governement and Politics
18
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
12/28/2021

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Term
absolute monarchies
Definition
governments wherein a monarch has absolute or unmitigated power
Term
anarchy
Definition
the absence of any organized government
Term
authority
Definition
power that people accept because it comes from a source that is perceived as legitimate
Term
charismatic authority
Definition
power legitimized on the basis of a leader’s exceptional personal qualities
Term
constitutional monarchies
Definition
national governments that recognize monarchs but require these figures to abide by the laws of a greater constitution
Term
democracy
Definition
a form of government that provides all citizens with an equal voice or vote in determining state policy
Term
dictatorship
Definition
a form of government in which a single person (or a very small group) wields complete and absolute authority over a government or populace after the dictator rises to power, usually through economic or military might
Term
monarchy
Definition
a form of government in which a single person (a monarch) rules until that individual dies or abdicates the throne
Term
oligarchy
Definition
a form of government in which power is held by a small, elite group
Term
one person, one vote
Definition
a concept holding that each person’s vote should be counted equally
Term
patrimonialism
Definition
a type of authority wherein military and administrative factions enforce the power of the master
Term
politics
Definition
a means of studying a nation’s or group’s underlying social norms as values as evidenced through its political structure and practices
Term
power
Definition
the ability to exercise one’s will over others
Term
power elite
Definition
a small group of powerful people who control much of a society
Term
rational-legal authority
Definition
power that is legitimized by rules, regulations, and laws
Term
representative democracy
Definition
a government wherein citizens elect officials to represent their interests
Term
totalitarian dictatorship
Definition
an extremely oppressive form of dictatorship in which most aspects of citizens’ lives are controlled by the leader
Term
traditional authority
Definition
power legitimized on the basis of long-standing customs
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