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Sociology 2e CH13
Aging and the Elderly
30
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
12/28/2021

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Term
activity theory
Definition
a theory which suggests that for individuals to enjoy old age and feel satisfied, they must maintain activities and find a replacement for the statuses and associated roles they have left behind as they aged
Term
age stratification theory
Definition
a theory which states that members of society are stratified by age, just as they are stratified by race, class, and gender
Term
ageism
Definition
discrimination based on age
Term
baby boomers
Definition
people in the United States born between approximately 1946 and 1964
Term
centenarians
Definition
people 100 years old or older
Term
cohort
Definition
a group of people who share a statistical or demographic trait
Term
continuity theory
Definition
a theory which states that the elderly make specific choices to maintain consistency in internal (personality structure, beliefs) and external structures (relationships), remaining active and involved throughout their elder years
Term
dependency ratio
Definition
the number of nonproductive citizens (young, disabled, elderly) to productive working citizens
Term
disengagement theory
Definition
a theory which suggests that withdrawing from society and social relationships is a natural part of growing old
Term
elder abuse
Definition
the act of a caretaker intentionally depriving an older person of care or harming the person in their charge
Term
exchange theory
Definition
a theory which suggests that we experience an increased dependence as we age and must increasingly submit to the will of others, because we have fewer ways of compelling others to submit to us
Term
filial piety
Definition
deference and respect to one’s parents and ancestors in all things
Term
geriatrics
Definition
a medical specialty focusing on the elderly
Term
gerontocracy
Definition
a type of social structure wherein the power is held by a society’s oldest members
Term
gerontology
Definition
a field of science that seeks to understand the process of aging and the challenges encountered as seniors grow older
Term
gerotranscendence
Definition
the idea that as people age, they transcend limited views of life they held in earlier times
Term
grief
Definition
a psychological, emotional, and social response to the feelings of loss that accompanies death or a similar event
Term
hospice
Definition
healthcare that treats terminally ill people by providing comfort during the dying process
Term
life course
Definition
the period from birth to death, including a sequence of predictable life events
Term
life expectancy
Definition
the number of years a newborn is expected to live
Term
modernization theory
Definition
a theory which suggests that the primary cause of the elderly losing power and influence in society are the parallel forces of industrialization and modernization
Term
physician-assisted suicide
Definition
the voluntary use of lethal medication provided by a medical doctor to end one’s life
Term
primary aging
Definition
biological factors such as molecular and cellular changes
Term
secondary aging
Definition
aging that occurs due to controllable factors like exercise and diet
Term
selective optimization with compensation theory
Definition
a theory based on the idea that successful personal development throughout the life course and subsequent mastery of the challenges associated with everyday life are based on the components of selection, optimization, and compensation
Term
senescence
Definition
the aging process, including biological, intellectual, emotional, social, and spiritual changes
Term
social gerontology
Definition
a specialized field of gerontology that examines the social (and sociological) aspects of aging
Term
subculture of aging theory
Definition
a theory that focuses on the shared community created by the elderly when they are excluded (due to age), voluntarily or involuntarily, from participating in other groups
Term
supercentenarians
Definition
people 110 of age or older
Term
thanatology
Definition
the systematic study of death and dying
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