Term
| Sociological Imaginiation |
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Definition
| connection between history and biography. individual lives are effected by social setting. C. Wright Wills |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of human behavior in society |
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Term
| Is sociology a science of common sense? |
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Definition
| No. Task is to debunk commonly held (and incorrect) ideas through scientific research |
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Term
| How does sociology differ from other social sciences? |
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Definition
| It examines evert area of life-society, biography, etc. in order to form rational ideals |
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|
Term
| Sociological Imaginiation |
|
Definition
| connection between history and biography. individual lives are effected by social setting. C. Wright Wills |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of human behavior in society |
|
|
Term
| Is sociology a science of common sense? |
|
Definition
| No. Task is to debunk commonly held (and incorrect) ideas through scientific research |
|
|
Term
| How does sociology differ from other social sciences? |
|
Definition
| It examines every area of life-society, biography, etc. in order to form rational ideals |
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Term
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Definition
| advanced the scientific method of sociology, made sociology a separate discipline. Social Solidarity, Social Integration, Types of Suicide |
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Term
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Definition
| Communist Manifesto, praxis |
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Term
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Definition
| "verstehen". a value-free origin of capitalism. Class most significant division in sociology |
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Term
| Mechanical vs. organic solidarity |
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Definition
| MS- primitive society, people dependent only upon themselves. OS- advanced society; interdependent |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| unbiased method of observation |
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Term
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Definition
| being aware of the social class that one belongs to |
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Term
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Definition
| identifying with the opressors |
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Term
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Definition
| the factory owners (Karl Marx). wealthy class |
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Term
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Definition
| the factory workers (Marx). poor class |
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Term
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Definition
| perception of individual "me", societies view. the "I" is th rough, unformed individual. both are individual and apart of society |
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Term
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Definition
| Macro- concerned with large scale social systems. Micro- concerned with individual interations. |
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Term
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Definition
| set of values and ideals that we understand to define morality, good/evil, appropriate/inappropriate |
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Term
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Definition
| Material- things made/used; "the physical environment". Nonmaterial- ideas values and beliefs of an individual. |
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Term
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Definition
| position that all cultures are equally valid in the experience of their own members |
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Term
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Definition
| feeling of disorientation when the culture makers that we rely on to help us know where we are and how to act have suddenly changed |
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Term
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Definition
| use of ones own culture as the reference point by which to evaluate other cultures |
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Term
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Definition
| group within a culture with varying beliefs, values, or attributes. example: predjudice / social power |
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Term
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Definition
| exist in opposition to the dominant culture |
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Term
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Definition
| anything that takes on an additional meaning. Example: Confederate flag |
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Term
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Definition
| organized set of symbols by ways of communication/thought |
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Term
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Definition
| members of a culture engaging in behaviors to express their sense of belonging. Example: Pledge of Allegiance |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| norms that are not strictly enforced |
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Term
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Definition
| these acts are taken far more seriously (Murder) |
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Term
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Definition
| even the though of violation is greeted with revulsion (Cannibalism) |
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Term
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Definition
| norms that have been written down |
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Term
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Definition
| examples include freedom, equality, individualism, achievement/success. |
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Term
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Definition
| EX: still racism in the US. security over democracy |
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Term
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Definition
| no close ties but influence the internalization of society's norms/valuess |
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Term
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Definition
| people important in ones life |
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Term
| Tablua Rosa vs Sociobiology |
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Definition
| Tablua Rosa- born with a clean slate. Sociobiology- we are born with our social experiences |
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Term
| Genie Case/ children raised in isolation |
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Definition
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Term
| Anticipatory socialization |
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Definition
| learning how to play a role one doesn't yet occupy |
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Term
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Definition
| learning new sets of values, behaviors, and attitudes |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
| occurs during childhood, gives us basic behavioral patterns |
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Term
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Definition
| a system organized by characteristic pattern of relationships. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| the social status that is given to us |
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Term
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Definition
| the social status that we achieve |
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Term
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Definition
| the social status that we wish to be |
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Term
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Definition
| behavior expected of a person in a paticular status |
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Term
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Definition
| actual behavior of a person |
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Term
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Definition
| When two of more statuses conflict |
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Term
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Definition
| different roles of a single status |
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Term
|
Definition
| incompatible expectations of behavior |
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Term
| Social Construction of Reality |
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Definition
| we rely on our subjective understandings of the world and act accordingly |
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Term
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Definition
| if we define it as real, it is real in its consequences |
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Term
| Self-fulfilling Prophecies |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| any assesment of people who share the same values, norms, and expectations |
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Term
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Definition
| small group - 2 individuals |
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Term
|
Definition
| individuals together but essentially independent (lunch at restaurant) |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Diffusion of Responsibility |
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Definition
| Authority dispersed enough that any one individual can avoid taking responsibility for his/her actions |
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Term
|
Definition
| organized system through which society meets its basic needs |
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Term
|
Definition
| Select a topic, determine your research question, review the literature, formulate a hypothesis, choose your research method |
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Term
| Qualitative vs Quantitative |
|
Definition
| Quality vs. Quantity, validaty vs reliability, generalizability, both methods needed |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| controlled experiments, exiperimental group and control group |
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Term
| Random, Representative Sample |
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Definition
| probability samples. meet criteria for statistical inference to larger population. biased, usually not random. |
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Term
|
Definition
| poorly worded questions, improper generalizations, biased samples, consistency, etc |
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Term
|
Definition
| rules developed to protect both the researchers and experimentees |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| respect for persons, beneficence, justice |
|
|
Term
| Sociological Imaginiation |
|
Definition
| connection between history and biography. individual lives are effected by social setting. C. Wright Wills |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of human behavior in society |
|
|
Term
| Is sociology a science of common sense? |
|
Definition
| No. Task is to debunk commonly held (and incorrect) ideas through scientific research |
|
|
Term
| How does sociology differ from other social sciences? |
|
Definition
| It examines every area of life-society, biography, etc. in order to form rational ideals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| advanced the scientific method of sociology, made sociology a separate discipline. Social Solidarity, Social Integration, Types of Suicide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Communist Manifesto, praxis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "verstehen". a value-free origin of capitalism. Class most significant division in sociology |
|
|
Term
| Mechanical vs. organic solidarity |
|
Definition
| MS- primitive society, people dependent only upon themselves. OS- advanced society; interdependent |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unbiased method of observation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| being aware of the social class that one belongs to |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| identifying with the opressors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the factory owners (Karl Marx). wealthy class |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the factory workers (Marx). poor class |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| perception of individual "me", societies view. the "I" is th rough, unformed individual. both are individual and apart of society |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Macro- concerned with large scale social systems. Micro- concerned with individual interations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| set of values and ideals that we understand to define morality, good/evil, appropriate/inappropriate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Material- things made/used; "the physical environment". Nonmaterial- ideas values and beliefs of an individual. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| position that all cultures are equally valid in the experience of their own members |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| feeling of disorientation when the culture makers that we rely on to help us know where we are and how to act have suddenly changed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| use of ones own culture as the reference point by which to evaluate other cultures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| group within a culture with varying beliefs, values, or attributes. example: predjudice / social power |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| exist in opposition to the dominant culture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anything that takes on an additional meaning. Example: Confederate flag |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organized set of symbols by ways of communication/thought |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| members of a culture engaging in behaviors to express their sense of belonging. Example: Pledge of Allegiance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| norms that are not strictly enforced |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| these acts are taken far more seriously (Murder) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| even the though of violation is greeted with revulsion (Cannibalism) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| norms that have been written down |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| examples include freedom, equality, individualism, achievement/success. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| EX: still racism in the US. security over democracy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| no close ties but influence the internalization of society's norms/valuess |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| people important in ones life |
|
|
Term
| Tablua Rosa vs Sociobiology |
|
Definition
| Tablua Rosa- born with a clean slate. Sociobiology- we are born with our social experiences |
|
|
Term
| Genie Case/ children raised in isolation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anticipatory socialization |
|
Definition
| learning how to play a role one doesn't yet occupy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| learning new sets of values, behaviors, and attitudes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occurs during childhood, gives us basic behavioral patterns |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a system organized by characteristic pattern of relationships. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the social status that is given to us |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the social status that we achieve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the social status that we wish to be |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| behavior expected of a person in a paticular status |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| actual behavior of a person |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When two of more statuses conflict |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| different roles of a single status |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| incompatible expectations of behavior |
|
|
Term
| Social Construction of Reality |
|
Definition
| we rely on our subjective understandings of the world and act accordingly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| if we define it as real, it is real in its consequences |
|
|
Term
| Self-fulfilling Prophecies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any assesment of people who share the same values, norms, and expectations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small group - 2 individuals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| individuals together but essentially independent (lunch at restaurant) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Diffusion of Responsibility |
|
Definition
| Authority dispersed enough that any one individual can avoid taking responsibility for his/her actions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organized system through which society meets its basic needs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Select a topic, determine your research question, review the literature, formulate a hypothesis, choose your research method |
|
|
Term
| Qualitative vs Quantitative |
|
Definition
| Quality vs. Quantity, validaty vs reliability, generalizability, both methods needed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| controlled experiments, exiperimental group and control group |
|
|
Term
| Random, Representative Sample |
|
Definition
| probability samples. meet criteria for statistical inference to larger population. biased, usually not random. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| poorly worded questions, improper generalizations, biased samples, consistency, etc |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rules developed to protect both the researchers and experimentees |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| respect for persons, beneficence, justice |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| breaking a social rule or refusing to follow one; belonging to a stigmatized minority, having a status that goes against what is normal |
|
|
Term
| Social Factors that explain America's high crime rate |
|
Definition
| cultural emphasis on individual economic success, large income differential, guns-easy avaliability and lax enforcement |
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Term
|
Definition
| US has the weakest laws on handgun ownership; half of all households have a gun; 70% of murders, 42% of robberies, 20% of aggravated assault |
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Term
|
Definition
| wide gender gap in crim commission and victimization; men biologicall more aggressive. working class vs middle class; gender performance |
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Term
|
Definition
| Strain Theory- race and class are linked, those in the lower classes commit more crimes. Labeling theory- being a minority is a master status that is automatically labeled deviant, so people tend to view their behaviors as more threatening and report it more often. Conflict Theory- crime records omit income tax evasion, corporate crimes, and other crimes often committed by whites |
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Term
| Number of Black Men who will spend time in Jail |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Number of Latino Men who will spend time in Jail |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Number of White Men who will spend time in Jail |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| US has the highest incarceration rate in the world |
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Term
|
Definition
| Rehabilition (waned in the 70's); "Just Desserts", 80's and on, Punishment, Cutting of prison programs, increase in solitary |
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Term
|
Definition
| Deterrence, Justice, Cost |
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Term
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Definition
| Deterrence, Cost, Justice (unequally applied by race and class), Irreversible |
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Term
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Definition
| the system of social inequality and structure of mobility in a society, the hierarchal ranking of people who have different access to resources |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| structural disadvantages for the poor and increasing benefits for the wealthy |
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Term
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Definition
| income is steady pay from the job source; wealth is placed in investments |
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Term
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Definition
| if defined by the 4H's, most people fall short (housing, healthcare, higher education, help with childcare) |
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Term
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Definition
| Poor are staying poor, while the rich are getting superricher. (ranked highest in inequality amongst industrialized nations) |
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Term
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Definition
| Calculated by basic diet x3, doesnt't take into account childcare, medical care, transportation, cost of living by region, etc. |
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Term
| Who is more likely to be poor in America? |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| lower wages, divorce laws, chilcare costs |
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Term
|
Definition
| structual, intra-class, affected by race ethnicity and gender |
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