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| Socially defined expectations associated with a given status. |
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| An intentional process with associated clearly identifiable goals and indicators that can be assessed for effectiveness. |
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| A way of life within a particular social group or society, encompassing a set of distinctive spiritual, material, intellectual and emotional features. |
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| A form of secondary socialization (occurring outside of childhood and families) where people learn and adopt culturally prescribed attitudes and behaviors throughout their lives, often occurring in relation to the social position(s) one occupies or changes in that person's social position(s). |
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| Contends that human behavior is largely a result of one's own biological and genetic presuppositions. |
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| The collective acknowledgment of cultural norms and shared expectations and includes social arrangements upon which members depend. |
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| Socializes students to the conventional norms and values that are expected of people as they leave the educational context and transition into other areas of social life. |
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| One's level of shared beliefs and values within a group, institution or society. |
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| Those people who exert the most influence throughout the socialization process. |
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| The process by which individuals develop an understanding and acknowledgment of society's behavioral expectations |
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| Collective ideas about what is right or wrong, good or bad, desirable or undesirable in a particular culture. |
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| Suggests that our self-perceptions are a result of how we think we are perceived by others. |
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| According to Mead, constitutes a more objective component of "the self" that emerges throughout the life course as people learn, interact and understand their culture. |
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| Established rules of expected behavior that develop out of society or group values |
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| The socialization that occurs outside of one's initial or primary socialization experiences. |
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| Interrelated sets of ideas about what it means to be a man or woman in a society. |
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| The challenging or modifying of a group or society's prevailing social order. |
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| May unintentionally occur in familiar settings that make it nearly indiscernible to the person being socialized. |
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| A preconceived framework of understandings in which social interaction occurs and influences human behavior in predictable ways. |
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| The earliest socialization occurring in the lives of children that provides them with the basic cultural understandings to integrate them into society. |
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| Constructionist perspective |
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Definition
| Argues that much of human behavior occurs within highly influential social contexts and that explanations for human behavior are nearly inseparable from the context in which they occur. |
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| Gender role socialization |
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| The process by which individuals learn, recognize and apply to their own lives the culturally prescribed behaviors considered appropriate for women and men in a society. |
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| A social position that is held by a person and characterized by rights and duties. |
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| One's sense of being a woman or a man (or both) in relation to culturally defined expectations. |
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| A society organized from the perspective of males that disproportionately represents their ideals and preferences. |
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| Culturally prescribed behaviors associated with ones percieved biological or sexual charachteristics. |
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| Views circumstances that occur at earlier points during one's life as having important implications for understanding and predicting one's future circumstances. |
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| A sense of oneness or identification with a group or society. |
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| The general perceptions pertaining to who we think we are and how that relates to societal expectations. |
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| An individual's social class-based perceptions and experiences that provide a framework for viewing and interacting with the social world. |
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| The transmission of values, attitudes, behaviors and beliefs regarding the meaning and significance of race and racial stratification, intergroup and intragroup interactions, and personal and group identity. |
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| Social and cultural preferences. They are often the basis for social exclusion. |
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| The notion that customs and conventional practices occurring within a society or group of people are best understood or interpreted in the context from which they occur. |
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| Institutional discrimination |
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| Results from society operating in ways that allow certain groups to receive better treatment and opportunities than other groups. |
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| Role of the generalized other |
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| When an individual views "the self" objectively through the lens of culture where social standards and expectations are applied relative to one's experiences. |
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| Anticipatory socialization |
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| The socialization that occurs as individuals prepare to adopt future roles throughout their life course. |
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| The societal practices and institutions that influence human behavior and are the aspects of our society capable of causing some individual effect or some social change. |
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| A person's same-age friends who have similar interests and social positions. |
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| One's identification with and sense of membership to a racial group, as well as the attitudes and behaviors associated with membership. |
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| According to Mead, is the subjective, yet-to-be socialized aspect of "the self" that is present at birth and self-interested with little regard for cultural standards. |
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| The preservation or continuation of the dominant norms, values and practices of a society that provide the structure to social life. |
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