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| is a social condition in which norms and values are conflicting weak or absent. |
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| Refers to the people who own the capital and do not have to sell their labor. |
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| May involve going along with peers and/or following societal norms. |
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| is based on control theory and focuses on a strong self-image as a means of defending against negative peer pressure. |
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| is the idea that there are two control systems, inner and outer, that work against our tendencies to deviate |
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| are the illegal actions of people acting on behalf of the corporation. |
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| included the police, courts, and prisons that deal with criminal laws and their enforcement. |
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| is the scientific study of the causes of criminal behavior. |
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| are the legitimate objectives of numbers of society. |
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| is a violation of rules or norms |
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| is a theory of deviance that believes people will deviate or conform depending on their associations. |
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| refers to criminal acts against a person or a persons property by an offender who is motivated by racial or other biases. |
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| Illegitimate opportunity structures |
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| are relative oppurtunity structures outside the laws and social norms and frame a persons life. |
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| include approved ways of reaching cultural goals |
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| is participation in illegal activity by minors who fall under the statutory age limit. |
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| is the idea that the labels people are given affect their own and others perceptions of them, and therefore, channel behavior either into or away from conformity. |
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| includes the most desperate members of society who have few skills and little job security. They are often unemployed. |
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| Medicalization of Deviance |
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| means to relate deviance to an underlying illness that needs to be treated by physicians. |
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| occurs in a persons routine or daily life, if and when opportunity knocks, as opposed to a professional crime that is planned. |
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| is a highly disciplined business organization whose profits come from illegal activity. |
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| is the first occurrence of a violation of a norm, which the committing actor does not view as deviant. Thus, it would have little to no effect on a persons self-concept. |
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| is when someone uses special skills, experience, methods or instruments to commit a crime while considering the activity to be that person's basic occupation or as a main or additional source of income. The most common type is fraud, and all professional crime is for personal gain. |
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| refers to crime or acts committed to harm the state, the state's government or the political system in general. |
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| is an authoritative imposition of something negative or unpleasant on a person in response to behavior considered bad. |
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| represent the number of people rearrested for committing the same types of crimes. |
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| refer to rewards for normal behaviors and penalties for abnormal behaviors. |
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| is a response to a primary deviance by which a person repeatedly violates a norm and begins to take on a deviant identity. |
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| involves techniques and strategies for maintaining order and preventing deviant behavior in a society. |
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| is the collective acknowledgement of cultural norms and shared expectations and includes social arrangements upon which members depend. |
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| discredit a persons claim to a normal identity. |
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| was developed by Robert Merton to describe the strain felt by some members of society when they don not have access to the institutional means to achieve cultural goals. |
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| are crimes that occur in public places |
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| Techniques of Neutralization |
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| are ways of thinking of rationalizing that help people deflect society's norms. |
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| is normalizing behavior considered deviant by mainstream society, or relabeling behavior as non-deviant. |
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| are illegal acts committed by affluent individuals in the course of business activities. |
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