Term
|
Definition
| movie, social class in america, america separated by class today, send kids to private school because you don't like poor people, poor people eat different food, upperclass people have different social mannerisms, wasps white anglo saxon protestants-dieing breading, used to be what upperclass meant, born into money, half of all african americans are labeled middle class, most americans think middle class, jack and jill school, gettin' above your raisin's, not everyone cares about moving up |
|
|
Term
| Material/nonmaterial culture |
|
Definition
| material- physical objects, resources, etc that define culture, nonmaterial culture- ideas, norms, values that define culture |
|
|
Term
| 3 outcomes of socialization |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| high: culture of the elite, what upper class values, wine tasting, etc. popular: what everyone else does and likes, beer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fashion-long term trend, jeans are in fashion, fad- pipe jeans, only in for one season |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| preston's ideas on culture shock |
|
Definition
| influence: strangeness of culture, size of the settlement, length of the stay. stages of culture shock: anticipation, depression/home-sick, insulation (call home, find familiar things), reorientation, now have reverse culture shock when going "home" |
|
|
Term
| areas of differing socialization |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| phsychoanalysis, stresses role of inborn drives, like sexual gratification, in channeling human behavior, self is a social product with components that work in opposition, impulses in opposition to societal constraints, part wants pleasure, part seeks rationaility, through interaction we select appropriate behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stages of the self, preparatory stage (imitation), play stage (role taking), game stage (consider multiple roles/tasks/relationships at once), generalized other: attitudes, viewpoints, and expectations of society that child takes into account when deciding how to act |
|
|
Term
| social construction of reality |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| definition of the situation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| interpretation of a situation causes the action "if men define a situation as real, they are real in their consequences" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| action taken to restore an identity that has been removed |
|
|
Term
| 5 strategies to reduce role strain (goode) |
|
Definition
| role strain: one role has conflicting demands, role conflict: two different roles clash in expectations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| characteristics of primary/secondary groups |
|
Definition
primary: intimate face to face association, family, club
secondary: formal, impersonal group, soc. 1010 class, call center staff |
|
|
Term
| leadership types and styles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 types of formal organizations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tokufo- 3 types of voluntary organizations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| language shapes our interpretation of reality, if we don't have word for it, we can't know it exists/think its something else |
|
|
Term
| innovation/discovery/invention/diffusion |
|
Definition
| process of introducing a new idea or object to a culture/making known or sharing the existence of an aspect of reality/combine existing cultural items into a new form that did not exist before/cultural items spread from group to group or society to society |
|
|
Term
| formal/informal sanctions |
|
Definition
| formal: laws with clearly defined punishments, informal: social norms that when broken may incur judgement, etc. but not punishment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| can speak more than one language, treats each language as equally legitimate, use both in one setting |
|
|
Term
| goffman and the presentation of self |
|
Definition
| how do we manage ourself? dramaturigical approach, playing ourselves: impression management and face-work, create appearance to satisfy different audiences and do things to make ourselves look better |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an institution that regulates all aspects of a person's life under a single authority, such as a prison, the military, a mental hospital, or a convent that defines life for members |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| people smoke or don't smoke in groups, rarely is there cross-over between groups, if one person in group has will to quit smoking, others will follow or move out of group |
|
|
Term
| durkheim's mechanical and organic solidarity |
|
Definition
| mechanical: (minimal) a collective consciousness that emphasizes group solidarity, characteristic of societies with minimal division of labor, organic: (complex) a collective consciousness that rests on mutual interdependence, characteristic of societies with a complex division of labor |
|
|
Term
| tonnie's gemeinshaft and gesellshaft |
|
Definition
| gemeinschaft: micro, a close-knit community, often found in rural areas, in which strong personal bonds unite members, gesellschaft: macro, a community, often urban, that is large and impersonal, with little commitment to the group or consensus on values |
|
|
Term
| lenski's sociocultural evolution |
|
Definition
| long term trends in society resulting from the interplay of continuity, innovation, and selection, process of evolutionary change- preindustrial societies: hunter/gatherer, horticultural, agragrian, industrial societies:machination, urbanization, democratizing info, postindustrial/post modern: more advanced society, service oriented, globalization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "summing up" boxed inserts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cognitive theory of development: emphasizes stages through which humans progress as self develops, sensorimotor stage, preoperational, concret, formal operational stage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cooley, stages of development not distinct, feelings toward outselves developed through interaction with others "I am what I think you think I am" |
|
|
