1. Linguistic interaction in classroom

2. cultural differences in language use

3. Linguistic inequalities

4. Medium of instruction choices

5. Sociopolitical language issues

emphasizes the study of language use.

- communicative competence is a thread runs through   

   many areas of sociolinguistics.

-Understanding communicative competence allows us to help our students learn the skills they need to actually use language in social situations (whether formal/informal, interpersonal/academic, written/oral).

Students who do not know school norms seen as deficient

Find ways to help to make up for what they are missing