What is a minority?

Minority in Number- lack resources, time, money, voting

Minority in Power-lack resources

*Number tends to lead to power... not always the case (aphartide in Africa and women)

"gender system"

one gender is valued or devalued over the other

“baby boom”

baby boomers are beginning to retire; this will cause the need for more social workers; people are also living longer

Kravetz, 2001

true

“Baby Bust”

baby boomers are beginning to retire; this will cause the need for more social workers; people are also living longer

Legislation related to women’s rights

*19th amendment 

*Equal rights amendment

*Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act prohibited sex discrimination in hiring, firing, promotions, and working conditions

*1963 Equal Pay Act required equal pay for women and men holding the same jobs

*Title IX  of the 1972 Education Amendments Act which prohibited sex discrimination in education by institutions that received federal funding

*Roe v. Wade 1973- legalized abortion

“Homophobia”

*“Fear of same”

*High rates of:

depression/mood disorders; drug and alcohol abuse; weight problems; ulcers or other health issues; suicide

Legislation related to people with disabilities

*Workers compensation

*Social security: Medicare, Medicaid, SSI, SSDI

*Education - The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act

*ADA - Physical Accommodations  

"Passing"

Anyone who does not fit the stereotype of gay/lesbian/bisexual can “pass”, while those meet the stereotyped expectation become visible

“Person with a disability”

*Means they are a person with a disability not a disabled person 

North American Association of Christians in Social Work

*Has to adhere to NASW and the RCA

rights denied to Gay and Lesbian couples

*“Marriage”

*Custody of children

*Rights of inheritance

*FMLA

*Immigration and naturalization

*Adoptions, surrogate birth challenged

*Health coverage

*Pensions, SS

*Visitation/ decisions

social work assessment using the ecosystems model

1. Historical

*Historical roots and heritage

*positive/negative experiences in both country of origin and in the US. 

*Include duration of these experiences and age experienced *Include landmark events (war, ethnic cleansing, deportations, etc.)

social work assessment using the ecosystems mode

1. 4. Environmental-structural

*Elements of political, economic, and social structural forces in social environment which enhances or causes psychosocial problems for the individual, family, group or community

*Especially educational, medical, welfare, religious... etc.

social work assessment using the ecosystems model

*Cultural values, belief systems, ethnicity, lifestyle and societal norms of both the original culture and U.S. culture

*Especially language, food, ethnic/cultural identification, sex roles, kinship styles, religion, customs and communication networks

social work assessment using the ecosystems model

*Unique family lifestyle

*Specific cultural way of intrafamily interaction

*Family values/beliefs

*Authority levels

*Coping patterns

social work assessment using the ecosystems model

*Biopsychosocial endowment and parental nurturing experiences and subsequent psychosocial development

*Cognitive, verbal, and problem-solving skills

*Communication and language

*Emotional maturity and temperament

*Personality strengths/limitations

*Intelligence

*Social skills and interaction

*Attitudes, beliefs, confidence, maturity

losses associated with aging

*Social identity - work, family role

*Sexual identity - especially women; menopause

*Income - lower(fixed) standard of living

*Health and physical ability

*Relationships - peers, mate dies

*Loss of independence - meet own needs

*Death 

factors that determine the quality of social provisions in society

*The quality of social provisions for any category of people depends upon:

1.  
   1. The power of the people in the category
   2. The value attached to them by society

employment rates for persons with disability

*23.2% compared to 80.5% for non-disabled people

Dworkin and Dworkin

*Four essential criteria for a group to be accorded minority status:

1. is identifiable, either in terms of appearance or behavior

Dworkin and Dworkin

*Four essential criteria for a group to be accorded minority status:

L

1. experiences less access to power so that fewer resources, influence, and control are afforded to it;

Dworkin and Dworkin

*Four essential criteria for a group to be accorded minority status:

1. experiences discriminatory treatment, often evidenced by segregation and stereotyping;

Dworkin and Dworkin

*Four essential criteria for a group to be accorded minority status:

1. sees itself as a separate group

Effects of Social and economic factors on disability rates

*Discrimination

*Assumptions of helplessness

*Focus on the impairments and medical concerns

Effects of Social and economic factors on disability rates

*Assumptions about cause

*Legal structures

*Public programs

Effects of Social and economic factors on disability rates

*View of disability

*Expected roles

Effects of Social and economic factors on disability rates

*Acceptance of disability

*Available resources

Effects of Social and economic factors on disability rates

*Specific functional limits

*Strengths and resources

*Adjustment to disability