Term
| Definition of Social Welfare |
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Definition
-Organized activities of public/private agencies that seek to prevent, alleviate, or contribute to solutions for selected set of social problems.
-Maybe broadly or narrowly defined. This depends on the value system of the source, historical perspectives and availability of societal resources. (Could range all the way to public parks) |
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Definition
Assumptions, convictions, beliefs, of what is desirable to do.
-Shaped by socialization and culture. |
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Term
| Humanitarianism (dominant values) |
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Definition
| Derived from Judeo-Christian philosophy. |
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Term
| Economic Laissex-faire (Dominant values) |
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Definition
| -Stresses limited government, volunteerism, social not governmental responsibility |
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Term
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Definition
- 1601 AD Established nationals policies for the poor codified by categorization of "worthy" including elderly, children with disabilities,and orphans.
- Determined the following US modern policy: clear but limited gov. responsibility to "worthy" government authority to deny services, enforcement of family and local responsibilities, f=jurisdictional powers.
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Term
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Definition
| Includes institutional segregation of those in need which included forced labor practices. |
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Term
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Definition
| Included cash assistance to those who remain in their homes. |
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Term
Charitable Organization Emergence
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Definition
| ie: Charitable Organization Society (COS) of Buffalo, NY. Was forerunner of clinical social work model with focus on individuals and families, scientific need assessments, specialized training for SW professionals. |
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Term
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Definition
| Late 19th century social reformer who helped establish federal institutions to care for the mentally ill. |
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Term
| Jane Adams and Hull House |
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Definition
| Created the settlement house movement as a resource for preparing immigrants to live in US. The emphasis was on community development and neighborhood services rather than historical segregation practices. Was forerunner of community organizational and development models. |
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Term
| Depression and the New Deal |
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Definition
-Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA)
-Works Progress Administration (WPA)
-Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC)
-Social Security Act |
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Term
| Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA) |
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Definition
| Provided food, clothing and shelter for the homeless. Also provided low interest loans to farmers and small businesses. |
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Term
| Works Progress Administration (WPA) |
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Definition
| Provided public service jobs to 8 million unemployed workers. |
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Term
| Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC) |
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Definition
| Protected natural resources and developed public recreational areas. |
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Term
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Definition
Most significant health and welfare legislation ever enacted.
-Old age, survivors, and disability insurance through employment taxation.
-Public assistance was based on need only and included Old Age Assistance, Aid to Dependent Children, and Aid to the Blind.
Health and Service programs such as medicaid, SCHIP and Medicare. |
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Term
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Definition
| Medicare, Medicaid, Older American Act, Civil Rights Act, Economic Act of 1964. |
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Term
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Definition
| Health care insurance program to elderly |
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Term
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Definition
| Health care benefit program to poor and disabled |
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Term
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Definition
| Senior lunch programs, health screenings, transportation services. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ends discrimination practices in employment and use of public facilities |
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Term
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Definition
| Sought to eliminate poverty through institutional change. Includes programs such as Head Start, youth job corps, Community Development Corporations (CDC'S) |
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Term
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Definition
| This movement culminated in the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (1996). This shifted power to the states to enforece return to work policies through programs changes including Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) |
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Term
| Why do people have problems? |
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Definition
| Genetics and heredity, Socialization, cultural differences, and environmental factors. |
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Term
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Definition
| might impose limitations on social behavior or opportunities. Psychobiological approaches analyzes the influences of chemical brain dysfunction and stress. |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to learned social behavior and is most influenced by interaction with early caregivers. |
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Term
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Definition
| may create the perception of deviant behavior from the majority societal norms and customs. |
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Term
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Definition
| determine availability of resources and opportunities |
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Term
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Definition
| A model that refers to the accessibility of opportunities/resources within a persons environment. I.E. gender, disability, ethnicity may create different opportunity structures. important word: access within their environment |
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Term
| Definition of Social Work |
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Definition
| NASW Mission Statement is "To enhance human well-being and help meet the basic needs of all people, with particular attention to the needs and empowerment of all people who are vulnerable, oppressed, and living in poverty." (You have to stop helping once the person can do it alone.) |
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Term
Roles of generalist social workers: (on test)
REFER TO PAGE 28 |
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Definition
| enabler, mediator, coordinator, manager, educator, evaluator, broker, facilitator, initiator, negotiator, mobilizer, advocate, and outreach worker. |
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Term
| Historical context of social work (on test) |
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Definition
| Charity Organization Societies, Settlement House movement, National Association of Social Workers, Council of Social Work Education and NASW Code of Ethics |
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Term
| Charity Organization Societies (COS) |
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Definition
| They established specialized practice principles/strategies. Also provided for individual/family assessment and coordinated plan of service. Efforts were made to follow up with clients after services were provided. mary Richmond founded the clinical social work movement and developed concept of social casework and social group work. |
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Term
| Settlement House movement |
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Definition
| It provided for emergence of community based resources and advocacy to those in poverty. Community organization models were prominent in the 1930's. |
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Term
| National Association of Social Workers (NASW) |
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Definition
| It serves as main professional organization and was founded in 1955. Membership is worldwide and exceeds 150000 members. |
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Term
| Council of Social Work Education (CSWE) |
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Definition
| It formulates a consistent curriculum in specific content areas for BSW and MSW level college programs. They make the cirriculum. |
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Term
| NASW Code of Ethics (PAGE 32) (On test) |
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Definition
| Short answer question: The core values are service, social justice, dignity and worth of the person, importance of human relationships, integrity and competence. It is to help you arrive at appropriate ethical behavior for cases. |
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Term
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Definition
| People with problems are not to be judged or demeaned. |
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Term
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Definition
| Defines the framework for effective interventions in practice |
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Term
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Definition
| Allows for more critical thinking sills in understanding the problems people face. |
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Term
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Definition
| Includes both experiential and empirical research contributions to practice |
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Term
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Definition
| Specialized strategies and techniques for individual/group interventions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Methodical approaches to address client needs through assessment-ask questions to see what will help them. |
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Term
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Definition
| Direct practice, social group work, community organization, social work research, social work administration. |
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Term
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Definition
| (casework) helps individuals/families identify specific solutions. |
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Term
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Definition
| values self development through structured group interactions and is not to be confused with group therapy. |
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Term
| Community organization techniques |
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Definition
| promote change through integration and development of community resources for shared goals and public and private enterprises. |
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Term
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Definition
| identifies more effective practice and contributes to more sound public policy. |
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Term
| Social Work administration and planning |
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Definition
| seeks to maximize effective use of agency resources. |
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Term
| Professional Issues in social work |
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Definition
-Social agencies are public or voluntary organizations that address community social problems.
-Educational levels for SW practice
-Social work careers
-Multidisciplinary teams |
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Term
| Educational levels of SW practice: |
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Definition
BSW, MSW, PhD.
BSW social worker can work in CPS, with families and do generalist things. Social workers as BSW are eligible for full membership in NASW.
MSW students can specialize in one area.
PhD people can work in administration or education=research, advanced theory. |
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Term
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Definition
| include private practice, public practice, and voluntary org practice. Median income for social worker is $44,000. |
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Term
| Multidisciplinary team collaboration |
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Definition
| opportunities with psychiatrists, psychologists, sociologists, pastoral counselors, school and rehabilitation counselors, employment counselors, nurse practitioners, and attorneys. |
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Term
| Promotional diversity promotes... |
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Definition
| the value of different perspectives when approaching human problems |
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Term
| Theoretical Framework Concepts |
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Definition
-Worldview
-Cause and Effect
-Association
-Theory |
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Term
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Definition
| implies the way professionals see or perceive the issues, problems, and/or solutions around them. Also known as paradigms or frameworks. |
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Term
| Cause and effect relationships: |
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Definition
| if x causes y, by eliminating y we eliminate x. Difficult to discover in social sciences. |
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Term
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Definition
| Allf actors that are related to the problem, rather then isolating only one "cause" |
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Term
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Definition
| way of logically organize a set of facts or ideas. May be used to describe a phenomenon, change the environment, explain an outcome. Three different attributes are: inclusive, generalizable and testable. |
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Term
| Inclusive (theory attribute) |
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Definition
| consistently explaining the same event the same way |
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Term
| Generalizable (theory attribute) |
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Definition
| Can transfer one conclusion about a situation to another |
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Term
| Testable (theory attribute) |
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Definition
| can measure the theory with reliability and validity. |
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Term
| Systems/Ecological Frameworks: |
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Definition
| Perspective is more loosely constructed than theory, more like an umbrella "meta theory: (System, ecological, synergy, boundaries, open systems, closed systems, entropy, interactions, steady state, equifinality) |
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Term
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Definition
| is referred to as a whole structure with independent parts. |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to relationships of people and environment |
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Term
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Definition
| energy derived from systems working in tandem. |
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Term
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Definition
| Point at where one system ends as another begins. |
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Term
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Definition
| the permeable interactions of units between systems |
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Term
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Definition
| traditional boundaries are firm and impermeable |
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Term
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Definition
| interrelationships between units within systems (probably wont be on test) |
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Term
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Definition
| system is moving efficiently to the goals with ongoing adjustments |
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Term
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Definition
| final state of system may be achieved in many ways. |
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Term
| Levels of the environment: |
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Definition
| Microsystem, Mesosystems, Exosystems, and Macrosystems. |
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Term
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Definition
| is individual or more personal level |
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Term
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Definition
| is relationship between two or more microsystems. |
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Term
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Definition
| involve community related factors as they relate to individuals. |
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Term
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Definition
| involves societal factors that affect individuals. ex) government. |
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Term
| Systems/Ecological framework for professional practice.. |
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Definition
| serves to understand the complexities of the social welfare system as a response to inefficiencies within the economy as a whole. |
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Term
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Definition
-Person-environment fit
-Strengths Perspective
-Empowerment
-Social and Economic Justice
-Social work generalist model stages of helping |
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Term
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Definition
| social work goal is to improve congruence between person and environment |
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Term
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Definition
As a contrast to traditional medical model of focusing on symptoms or individual problems.
1) Respect client strenghts
2)Social worker is a collaborate with client
2) Social worker provides a set of choices among resources for client |
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Term
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Definition
| Promoting and supporting the power of the client over the environment. |
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Term
| Social work generalist model stages of helping: |
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Definition
1) Dialogue: establish relationships with clients
2) Discovery: search for resources, assess feelings/needs of clients develop plans and frame solutions.
3) Development: Strengthen the clients to obtain what they need, recognize ongoing successes, build new competencies, evaluate outcomes and reframe. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Preconceived judgment formed without adequate information (doesn't always have to be negative) |
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Term
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Definition
| are beliefs that other groups behave in certain ways. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is the action that sustains prejudice |
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Term
| Institutional discrimination |
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Definition
| is discrimination that becomes codified in societal roles and policies. |
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Term
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Definition
| unjust uses of power against nondominant groups and results in expoitation |
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Term
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Definition
| Last century the female workforce rose from 15% to 60% |
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Term
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Definition
| equal pay for equal worth (for women) |
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Term
| Income disparity between men and women due to difference in occupational positions and failures to advance to higher position. |
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Definition
| (on test Also men and women who hold similar positions still experience income disparity. *80% is the median income disparity. |
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Term
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Definition
| women now possess 58% of all post-baccalaureate degrees. There continues to be disparity in administrative positions in the public school system. |
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Term
| ____ percent of all social workers are women |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Women continue to hold a wide subordination in legislatures/executive political office positions. |
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Term
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Definition
Societal attitudes and values treat women differently.
Sexism: a result of the values and practices embodied in our social institutions. |
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Term
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Definition
| violation of Title VII of Civil Rights Act of 1964. Constitutes unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors and other conduct of sexual nature that adversely affects the women's employment, work performance, and/or creates a hostile work environment. |
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Term
Abortion-reproductive rights
Legal issues: |
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Definition
| 1973 Roe v. Wade defined abortion as a personal female decision rather than a government policy before and third trimester. Controversial issues include rights to minors, federal/state funding of abortion, and abortion due to rape or incest. |
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Term
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Definition
| partial birth abortion, emergency contraception (RU-486), post-abortion trauma. |
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Term
Abortion-reproductive rights
Values issues (on test):
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Definition
| question of when life begins. There are social workers who are pro-choice as well as pro-life. Regardless of personal views the social worker must treat the client with respect and dignity. |
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Term
Sexual orientation rights
Homophobia: |
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Definition
| Intense negative emotional reaction to homosexuals an/or homosexual lifestyles. |
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Term
Sexual orientation rights
Hate Crimes: |
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Definition
| Legislation that prosecutes crimes against people due to ethnicity or sexual orientation. |
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Term
Sexual orientation rights
Homosexual marraige:
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Definition
| Has been recognized in Canada, Belgium, South Africa, and Spain. Some of the cases have been overturned in the United States. |
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Term
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Definition
| Difference between systematic oppression of a group in poverty and individual characterlogical deficits within the smaller group culture. |
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Term
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Definition
| the expectation that the non dominant group adopt the values and behaviors of the dominant group. |
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Term
| Cultural pluralism/diversity: |
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Definition
| Cultural differences between ethnicities are respected and valued. |
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Term
| Social/economic justice for ethnicities at risk: |
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Definition
| African Americans, Latinos, Asians and Pacific Islanders, and Native Americans. |
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Term
| Social desegregation (on test) |
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Definition
| Brown v. Board of Education in 1954 mandated an end to public school segregation. |
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Term
| 1964 Civil Rights Act banned... |
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Definition
| Discrimination based on race, religion, color, or ethnicity in public facilities, government operated programs, and employment. |
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Term
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Definition
| mandated selection of qualified members of oppressed groups for publicity operated business and education. Racial quotas cannot be a criteria but ethnicity may be used as a factor in admission to schools of higher education. |
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Term
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Definition
| Practice of law enforcement stopping and searching people due to race. |
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Term
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Definition
| Both a process and a method. |
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Term
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Definition
methodical sequence of engaging clients/families in actions/activities that promote agreed on goals.
It is transparent, the client should know what you are doing. |
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Term
| Elements include skill sets... |
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Definition
| training, applied, human behavior, knowledge, client involvement in developing options, client centered resource development, orderly process of help, planned change efforts focused on solutions. |
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Term
| Social study: obtain all relevant information: |
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Definition
- Who is the client?
- What is the needs and or problems from the client perspective?
- What has the client done to alleviate these problems?
- How effective were these efforts?
- What about other systems interactions?
- What are client strengths/weaknesses?
- How motivated are the clients?
- Most important question!: WHY ARE YOU HERE
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Term
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Definition
- What factors are contributing to client's unmet needs?
- What systems are involved? (ex: AA)
- How do systems and client interact?
- How successful can the client be given potential?
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Term
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Definition
| Least emotionally goals should be addressed first to promote confidence building. Is a collaborative effort between professional and client. |
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Term
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Definition
| visible agreement that serves as framework. Should be easy to understand. |
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Term
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Definition
Goal is to provide good feedback and honest assessment.
Counseling, role playing, engaging other community resources, establishing support groups,developing resources, finding alternative care resources, encouraging family involvement, differing play therapy to employing related strategies. |
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Term
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Definition
Ongoing process of assessment of all intervention and goal outcomes.
What has changed? What has not changed? Why? How does the client view identified needs and problems that this time? Has social functioning improved? Has become less functional? What is the overall level of progress? Are different interventions needed? |
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Term
Social worker-client relationship
Self-determination |
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Definition
| or the professional respect of the client choices even if they may not appear to be in the best interest although feedback is still necessary. |
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Term
Social worker-client relationship
Confidentiality: |
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Definition
| Client right to privacy including feelings statements, and attitudes. |
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Term
Social worker-client relationship
Individualization:
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Definition
| Recognizing the dignity and value of each client |
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Term
Social worker-client relationship
Nonjudgmental attitude: |
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Definition
| Must maintain neutral attitudes toward client behaviors. |
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Term
Practice skills
Conceptual Skills: |
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Definition
| Use a theoretical framework to problem solve |
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Term
Practice Skills
Interviewing skills:
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Definition
| may be informational, assessment, or therapeutic |
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Term
Practice Skills
Recording: |
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Definition
| Well managed case files make reviews, transfers, and research possible. |
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Term
Frameworks of Intervention in Practice
Ego Psychology: |
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Definition
| deals with client ability to deal with external/environmental pressures in more adaptive ways. I.D. stress management. |
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Term
Frameworks of Intervention in Practice
Problem Solving Approach: |
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Definition
Focus on some concrete action to move forward from status quo.
1) Motivation is key?
2) Capacity refers to client ability/limitations for constructive change
3) Opportunity relates to possibilities in the environment to foster change. |
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Term
Frameworks of Intervention in Practice
Cognitive/Behavioral Approach: |
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Definition
client responsibility to change behavior.
1) Behavioral modification
2) Reality Therapy |
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Term
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Definition
| Only information directly relevant to current specific problem is addressed. Behavioral actions rather than feelings are emphasized. |
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Term
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Definition
| Change is effected by confronting clients with maladaptive behaviors and encouraging responsibility for their actions. Professional role is to be warm and friendly in an accepting way to the client, as contrasted to the behavior. |
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Term
| Task Centered Social Work: |
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Definition
| Selection of specific tasks over a limited time period that concentrates intervention and develops more short term goals. |
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Term
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Definition
| Proper unit of intervention |
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Term
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Definition
Places expertise of what client needs, on client, no professional
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Term
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Definition
| Provides venue for voice and advocacy dealing with problem of oppression. |
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Term
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Definition
| "When does the problem occur?" If the problem vanished, "What would be different?" When does the problem not occur? |
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