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Definition
Only using one or a few individuals
Unrepresentative of indiviudals
Open to bias |
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Definition
claims that a mathod is effective based on one's own experiences
play on the audience's emotions |
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Definition
Vague descriptions of problems, related outcomes, and progress has been made
use of vague terms |
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Term
| Assuming Softhearted therefore Softheaded |
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Definition
| Mistaken belief that one cannot be a warm, emphathetic, caring person, and an analytic, scientific, rational thinker |
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Definition
Being so committed to support a particular view that evidence and argument that run counter ot that view are ignored or not reported
motivational source of fallacy |
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Term
| Relying on Newness/Tradition is a fallacy if: |
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Definition
1) An assertion is made about how to help clients or what is true of clients
2) Assertion is said to be true becasue it has been held to be true or practical for a long time (tradition) or becasue the idea or pracice has just been developed (newness) |
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| Accepting uncritical documentation |
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Definition
mistaken belief that if an idea has been described in the literature (book, journal article, newspaper) it must be true
To be classified as uncritical documentation, literature must be cited, but no information at all given by which the cited author arrived at a particular conclusion |
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Term
| After This - Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc |
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Definition
after this therefore because of this
Mistaken belief that if event A precedes event B in time, then event A caused B
Occurs when
1) problem exists
2) the practitioner takes action to remove complaint (event A)
3) the complaint disappeared (event B)
The practioner then assumes that their action caused the complaint to disapear |
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Term
| Focusing ony on Successes |
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Definition
Inferring that a method is effective by recalling only instances where improvement followed use of the method
Failures, instances of spontaneous recovery, and persons not treated who got worse are ignored |
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Term
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Definition
Tendency to remember successful predictions of client behavior and to forget or ignore unsuccesul predicitons
thinking that you know the information at time 2 at time 1
develops false sense of predictive accuracy
blaming oneself |
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Term
| Fundamental Attribution Error |
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Definition
| Tendency to attribute behavior to enduring qualities (personal traits) that are considered typical of an individual rather than to the particular environment |
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Definition
| Posing a decision/question in a certain way which influences one's decision |
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Definition
tendency to make judgments based on the accessibility of concepts/events/memories
how easity it is to think/see/hear them
ex. probability of an event is often judged by how easy it is to recall it |
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Term
| Overlooking Regression Effects |
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Definition
| ignoring the tendency for people with very high or very low scores, on a measure or variable to have scores closwer to the center or mean of the distribution when measured the second time |
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Term
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Definition
| Mistaken belief that te same assessment or screening tool will identify indiviudals just as well in a low prevalence group (where few people have the problem) as it will in a high prevalence group (where many people have the problem) |
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Term
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Definition
The belief that because a person has intimate knowledge of one or a few cases, he or she knows what is generally true about clients
insensitivity to sample size |
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Definition
| Mistaken belief that in a series of independent events, where a run of the same events occurs, the next event is almost certain to break the run because that event is "due" |
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Term
| Anchoring and Insufficient Adjustment |
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Definition
| tendency to base estimates of the likelihood of events on an initial piece of information and then not adjust this estimate in the face of new and vital information |
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Term
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Definition
| Something that is not true but is beleived to be true because of repitition |
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Term
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Definition
| An idea that has independent confirmation |
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Definition
Emphasize the benefits of my view
hide any negatives
hide any positive sides of other views |
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Definition
Always negative
don't believe in anything |
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Definition
keeping an open mind
reaching a decision after heavy rationalization and thought |
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Definition
biased views
appeal to someone's thoughts arriving at actions with the least thought possible |
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Term
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Definition
big idea in society that we live in
generally accepted idea in society that affects other things
eg. Mental Illness
Progress
Health
Freedom
Science |
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Term
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Definition
Grand narrative
is a process
guesing and testing
critically testing things
process of trying to figure out what's true and false that is testable |
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Definition
what you think because of your gut/emotion
reaction to something |
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Term
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Definition
| looking rationally at pros and cons |
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