Term
| Who, in what wars, captured lands from northern Italy, across Gaul (France) to Britain? |
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Definition
| Julius Caesar in the Gallic Wars |
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Term
| What was the western and eastern capital of Rome? |
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Definition
| The west was Rome, the east was Constantinople |
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Term
| What emperor added Dacia and Mesopotamia? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the leader of Carthage, were they strong? |
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Definition
| Yes, they were strong. His name was Hannibal. |
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Term
| What war did Rome win against which strong leader? How? What did Rome gain out of this? |
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Definition
| The Punic Wars, against Hannibal. Carthage was burned to the ground. Rome took control of Spain and Northern Africa. |
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Term
| What three countries were then defeated by the Roman Empire? |
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Definition
| Syria, Macedonia, and Greece. |
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Term
| Who was Rome's first emperor? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another word for Roman Peace, what was it? |
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Definition
| "Pax Romana" It brought 200 years of peace and prosperity. |
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Term
| Who was defeated by the Romans after a Jewish revolt? Who's teachings began to spread? Did his teachings ever become mainstream? |
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Definition
| Jerusalem. Jesus Christ. Christianity eventually became Rome's main religion. |
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Term
| Was Julius Caesar an emperor? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two types of change? |
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Definition
| Evolutionary and Revolutionary. |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurring gradually, over-time, or naturally. |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurring suddenly, often by force. |
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Term
| What are the three general factors influencing change? |
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Definition
| If the natural environment changes, or the culture moves environments, cultural adaptations can be made. When two cultures from different societies come into contact, gradual cultural changes occur. Changes happen over time, because they are not irresistible. |
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Term
| What are the four steps of change? |
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Definition
| 1. Denial/Rejection. 2. Acknowledgment (Admired by members of society. 3. Acceptance. 4. Defending the idea. |
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Term
| What are the 5 forces of change? |
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Definition
| Religion, Economics, Political, Social, Technological. |
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Term
| What happened in the second and third century in Rome? |
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Definition
2. Prosperity.
3. Failure. |
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Term
| What happened in the fourth century? |
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Definition
| Outside civilizations found it easy to invade. |
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Term
| What did the breakdown of central authority mean? |
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Definition
| People cant trust the government to protect them, the rich took advantage of the poor. Farmers became impoverished and left their land. |
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Term
| What was the primary reason for the empire weakening? |
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Definition
| Too many foreign people coming. |
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Term
| What were the old procedures of getting a job (not during feudal times)? Give an example. |
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Definition
| You cannot get a job unless your father was in that same job. ex. baker. |
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Term
| As the empire weakens, is it easy to make a living. |
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Definition
| No, it was difficult to make a living. |
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Term
| Who introduced Christianity? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| In the 3rd century, people reduced amount of silver in coins, which made them less valuable. This lead to inflation. |
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Term
| Who tampered the Roman empire when vulnerable? How? |
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Definition
| The Barbarians. The began by cutting off trade routs. |
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Term
| What is Lots theory of the decline of the Roman empire? |
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Definition
-economic reasons.
-abundance of slave labor.
-no industrialized economy.
-loss of trade routes.
-unable to collect taxes.
-became rural
-fell. |
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Term
| What is Gibbons theory on the fall of the Roman empire? |
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Definition
-religion.
-people caught on to christianity.
-let go of roman morals and ethics.
-drawing attention away from rome and to church.
-made lose pride.
-fell. |
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Term
| What was the 'unstable govt theory' of the fall of Rome? |
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Definition
-no peaceful way to choose next emperors.
-empire split.
-too many attempts of assassination.
-failed to deal with issues. |
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Term
| What was the environmental theory on the decline of the Roman Empire? |
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Definition
-lead poisoning
-loss of agriculture
-too many plagues and diseases.
-food shortage. |
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Term
| What are the five steps to the feudal system? |
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Definition
| King-Count-Sieur-Pheasant |
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Term
| What favors do the lower stages grant to the upper stages? (f.lism) |
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Definition
| Loyalty and military support, however the pheasants promise the knights work and their earnings. |
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Term
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Definition
| The practice of buying a religious position from a king or lord. |
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Term
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Definition
| Deep inquiry into beliefs and acts of people who seemed not to obey the teachings of the church. |
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Term
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Definition
| A society of religious people who agree to obey the same rules of behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| People report their sins to a priest who tells them what they must do to obtain gods forgiveness. |
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Term
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Definition
| Being saved after death from the consequences of sins committed in life. In other words, it meant going to heaven. |
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Term
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Definition
| Work pheasants on the manor did for their lord as a gift. |
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Term
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Definition
| The system with the politics, economy and social life of medieval Europe were organized. |
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Term
| What favors o the upper stages grant to the lower stages? (fuedalism) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| An area like a huge farm, a lord had power over everyone living there. They paid rent for the land they used. |
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Term
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Definition
| An emblem that identifies a knight wearing armor in a tournament. Including symbols or motto of the night to summarize ideas. |
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Term
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Definition
| A conference to discuss a counties affairs and to approve new taxes or make new laws. |
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Term
| What is chivalry? What is an example? |
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Definition
| A code of behaviorism, outlining the qualities a knight must have. Example: honor. |
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Term
| What is a positive thing about feudalism? |
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Definition
| They always have land and protection. |
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Term
| What is a negative thing about feudalism? |
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Definition
| The higher ranks may take adavntage of lower ranks and use power to help themselves. |
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Term
| What are three concerns about clergy during this time? |
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Definition
| Some clergy accepted pope as leaders, others did not. Some clergy did not agree of how much power the pope has and how he is chosen. Some clergy were immoral and poorly educated. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A leading dignitary in the catholic church. |
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Term
| What are two controversial things the church did? |
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Definition
| They burn anyone refusing to confess. They set up inquisitions for christians to examine them. |
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Term
| What are two religious practices that developed in Christianity? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Magna Carta? What were its laws? |
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Definition
-No tax can be made without council approval.
-No money can be taken for doing justice.
-An official pays for crops by pheasants.
-If a baron dies, the family pays for their property. |
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Term
| How does a solider win the praise of a lady? |
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Definition
| Good behaivior, courage. A promise to serve and fight for her. |
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Term
| What three technological military weapons changed war forever? |
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Definition
| Long bows, cannons, and gun powder. |
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Term
| What three powers did a lord have over a pheasant? |
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Definition
| Took rent. Took taxes. Judged and punished them. |
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Term
| How does a pheasant pay labor? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A piece of land measuring 30 acres, a pheasant who rented it is a virgator. |
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Term
| What two things can a pheasant be fined for? |
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Definition
| Fighting or leaving their animals astray. |
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Term
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Definition
| The land a lord keeps to oneself. |
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Term
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Definition
| A group of skilled workers. Only those who can create a masterpiece are excepted. |
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Term
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Definition
| A document outlining laws and obligation, from a king or lord to his people. |
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Term
| What are two disadvantages of of towns? |
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Definition
| No fresh water, homes packed together. |
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Term
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Definition
| Christians trying to recapture the holy land from the muslims. |
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Term
| What three major events led to the downfall of the Roman Empire? |
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Definition
| Crusades, 100 years war, the black death. |
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Term
| What was the 100 years war? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who started the hundred years war? |
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Definition
| Duke William of Narmandy, a frenchman. |
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Term
| How did the plague affect the church? |
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Definition
| "All the faith in the world cannot prevent it." new attitude toward religion. |
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Term
| What reasons caused downfall of church? |
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Definition
| People began to get angry over large lifestyle of upper clergy. |
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Term
| What was the great Schism? What did it cause? |
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Definition
| Church splitting into east and west, the two sides were confused over power. |
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Term
| Who was the west and east leader of church? |
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Definition
Orthodox: East
Roman Catholic: West |
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Term
| Who invented the printing press? What did it bring? |
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Definition
| John Gutenburg, the bible. |
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Term
| Muslims invaded Byzantine empire making into Ottoman empire: T OR F? |
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Definition
| True. Muslims took over east church. |
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