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Social Science & History Part 1
Study Test for CLEP
60
Other
Undergraduate 1
01/13/2011

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Cards

Term
What was the name given to the basic document in English constitutional law granted by King john Runnymede, Surrey, in 1215 and whose main purpose was to confirm the privileges of the feudal barons and limit the king's powers over them?
Definition

Magna Carta

 

Term
When the English took New Amsterdam in 1664, they changed its name. What was it?
Definition
New York
Term
What was the name of the first direct tax levied by the crown on the American colonies in 1765?
Definition
Stamp Tax
Term
Where did the Prilgrim fathers found their colony when they arrived from England on the Mayflower in 1620?
Definition
Plymouth, Massachusetts
Term
Which treaty fixed the terms of peace after World War I and was signed on June 28, 1919?
Definition
Treaty of Versailles
Term
To what well known English dynasty did the following monarchs belong: King Henry VII, King Henry VIII, King Edward VI, Queen Mary, and Queen Elisabeth I?
Definition
Tudor Dyanasty
Term
The first American Blacks who were brought to English North America were sold at which location?
Definition
Jamestown, Virginia
Term
What refers the the pontifical palace, the largest palace in the world, and the resident home of Catholic Popes since 1377?
Definition
The Vatican City
Term
How many colonies of the eastern seabord claimed their independence in 1776 when they formed the original United States of America?
Definition
13
Term
What famous revolution of 1789 is commonly associated with the storming of the Bastille?
Definition
The French Revolution
Term
What was the approximate population of the United States when the first census was recorded in 1790?
Definition
3.9 Million
Term
The St. Valentine's Day massacre in Chicago in 1929 marked the ____?
Definition
Peak of Gangster wars
Term
Before is moved to it's permanent home in New York City in 1946, the United Nations had been originally established in another U.S. city in 1945. What city was it?
Definition
San Francisco
Term
The Truman doctrine of 1947, which held out United States economic and military assistance to Greece and Turkey, was part of a policy aimed at _____ ?
Definition
Containing Communism
Term
The first nonstop solo flight from New York City to Paris was made in 1927 by ____ ?
Definition
Charles A. Lindbergh
Term
In 1607, the English founded their first permanent settlement in America under the leadership of John Smith. In which of the following cities was this settlement located?
Definition
Jamestown
Term
Modern Great Britain is composed of these four territories _____ ?
Definition
England, Whales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland
Term
The U.S. Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776. Which city was the venue for the signing?
Definition
Philadelphia
Term
The Russo-Japanese treaty was signed at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, in 1905. The American president who played the role of mediator was eventually awarded the Nobel Prize in 1906 for his efforts. Who was this president?
Definition
Theodore Roosevelt
Term
The first attempt of the British working classes to capture power was made in 1838. By what name was this movement popularly known?
Definition
Chartist Movement
Term
The event that sparked the beginning of World War I took place in Sarajevo, Austria, in 1914. Which of the following events was it?
Definition
The assasination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand
Term
The American Revolution began with the Battle of Lexington and Concord in 1775. It ended with the British surrender of Yorktown. In what year did the British surrender?
Definition
1781
Term
What was the name given to the famous nationalist movement led by the middle classes and nobility for the political unification of Italy from 1859 to 1870?
Definition
Risorgimento
Term
The first communist state in the world was established in 1922. Which country was it?
Definition
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Term
The U.S. Declaration of Independence is usally attrubuted to the work of one person. Who was he?
Definition
Thomas Jefferson
Term
The Indian Mutiny of 1857-1858 was engineered by sepoy troops against colonial rule in India. Although it was ruthlessly suppressed, it went down in Indian History as a major political event og that century. The mutiny was directed against the ____ ?
Definition
Dutch
Term
Between 1847 abd 1854, several million immigrants came to America, with the majority originating from what two countries?
Definition
Ireland And Germany
Term
Until September 2002, which country had refused to join the United Nations because it felt that membership in the world body would contravene neutrality?
Definition
Switzerland
Term
The ancestors of American Indians are said to have migreated in prehistoric times. From what continent did they migrate?
Definition
Asia
Term
What was the name given to the conflict between Great Britain and thirteen of it's colonies on the Atlantic coast of North America?
Definition
American War of Independence
Term
In 1776, Thomas Paine published what is considered the most influential American revolutionary tract, in which he called for independence and vigorously attacked the venerated instituions of royalty and the English Constitution. What was the name of this famous treatise?
Definition
Common Sense
Term
Which of the following is the explorer whose name commemorates America?
Definition
Amerigo Vespucci
Term
Which treaty, signed in 1648, ended the Thiry Years War in Europe?
Definition
Treaty of Westphalia
Term
What is the common term used to describe a measure of the market value of all commodities and services produced by a nation during a given period of time (usually a year)?
Definition
Gross national product
Term
The flood of certain foreign goods like television sets and automobiles into the American market has recently focused attention on the practice of foreign countries selling their products in the United States below the prices that are sold at home. What term best describes this practice?
Definition
Dumping
Term
What is the primary funtion of the Washington-based World Bank?
Definition
Make long-term loans for developing projects in developing countries.
Term
If Nation A erects high tariffs and creates many non-tariff barriers in order to restrict the flow of imports from other nations, Nation A is following what economic policy?
Definition
Protectionism
Term
What is the term used to describe the lowering of the par value of a nation's currency relative to gold or to the currency of other countries?
Definition
Devaluation
Term
What is the most common statistic used to measure the average change in prices of goods and services purchased by urban consumers?
Definition
Consumer price index
Term
What economic and political system, developed in the late eighteenth century in England- currently in existence in modified form in most of Western Europe and the United States- was inspired by Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations (1776) and the English classical school of economics?
Definition
Capitalism
Term
What was the name given to the post-World War II foreign-aid plan to restore the economic stability of Western Europe?
Definition
Marshall Plan
Term
in modern economic jargon, the poor countries of the world are officially designated l.d.c's. What does l.d.c. mean?
Definition
Less Developed Countries
Term
The surplus-value theory of labor, which is considered one of the most significant contributions to economic theory, holds that capitalist profit is the value of labor minus the amount paid to the laborer. Who was the best-known proponent of this theory?
Definition
Karl Marx
Term
A rise in the general level of prices is usually the same thing as a fall in the value of money. What is the economic term used to describe such a state of affairs?
Definition
Inflation
Term
In 1971, international monetary actions taken by the United States spelled an end to the Bretton Woods system and created a new global monetary system based upon?
Definition
A floating exchange rate
Term
The private enterprise economy, government regulation is generally at a minimim. This doctrine of "non-interference by the state" was developed bin Herbert Spencer's social Darwinism in late ninteenth-cetury England. What is the more popular term to describe this?
Definition
Laissez-faire
Term
According to the laws of supply and demand, if the supply of a product is scarce or declines and demand for that product goes up substantially, then the price of that product will most likely _____ ?
Definition
Increase
Term
"The natural price of labor is that which is sufficient to keep the laborer alive on a subsistence level and, that in an economic system regulated by the law of supply and demand, the market price of labor tends to approximate this natural price." What law of economics does this represent?
Definition
Iron law of wages
Term
What do the following dates have in common: 1819, 1837, 1873, 1893, 1907, and 1929?
Definition
They were years in which the U.S. economy suffered financial crashes.
Term
If any significant factor is to be singled out, what was the most striking effect of the Great Depression of 1929 that resulted in a major post-war economic slump in the U.S.?
Definition
Unemployment
Term
What is the term commonly used to describe duties or customs fees charged on merchandise entering competition?
Definition
Tariffs
Term
The cause of inflation is too much money purchasing too many goods. True or False?
Definition

False

The cause of inflation is too much money purchasing too few goods.

Term
In the 1912 speech, President William Howard Taft coined a phrase that signified the use of American investments to stablilize strategic underdeveloped open areas, primarily in Latin America. What was this foreign policy called?
Definition
Dollar Diplomacy
Term
What is the name given to a government restriction on trade, usually oredered during wartime?
Definition
Embargo
Term
American trade policy does not discreminate between the products of foreign nations in tariff rates as long as those nations do not discriminate against U.S. trade. What is the name given to this nondiscriminitory trade policy?
Definition
Most-favored nation policy
Term
The basic responsibility of the Federal Reserve System is to set ____ ?
Definition
Monetary Policy
Term
What best describes the primary functions of the Washington-based International Monetary Fund?
Definition
It promotes international monetary copperation and makes loans to tide countries over during temporary payment problems.
Term
What is true regarding a strong U.S. dollar and its impact upon exports, imports, foreign consumers, or foreign buisness?
Definition
A stronger dollar is generally bad for American exports.
Term
What is the name given to the international commercial and financial transactions of a country's citizens and government, including the total payments made to foreign nations and the total recipts from foreign nations?
Definition
Balance of Payments
Term
What is the stock market term for someone who buys commodities or securities in anticipation of a rise in prices or who tries, through speculative purchases, to effect such a rise in order to sell later at a profit?
Definition
Bull
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