Term
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Definition
| The tendency people have to make dispositional inferences for others' behavior but situational attributions for their own |
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Term
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Definition
| People have to believe the world is fair and adjust their other beliefs to maintain that stance by concluding that bad things happen to bad people and good things happen to good people |
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Definition
| Holding on to one's beliefs, even in the face of contradictory evidence |
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Term
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Definition
| The tendency of people to make dispositional attributions for others' behaviors |
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Term
| Correspondent Inference Theory |
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Definition
| The theory that people base their inferences regarding the source of others' behaviors on whether or not the behavior was freely chosen, if the consequences are distinctive, and if the behavior was socially desirable |
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Term
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Definition
| The theory that people base their inferences regarding the source of others' behaviors on whether or not there is a consensus regarding the way one ought to respond, the distinctiveness of the response, and the consistency of the person's response across situations |
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Term
| Dispositional Attribution |
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Definition
| Inferring that a person's traits, something internal, caused his or her behavior |
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Term
| Fundamental Attribution Error |
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Definition
| A more commonly known name for the correspondence bias. The scientific community now leans toward using "correspondence bias" so as not to suggest that these inferences are inherently in "error" |
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Term
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Definition
| When one positive thing is known or believed about a target person, we tend to infer that the individual is positive overall and thus has other positive features |
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Term
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Definition
| The need that some individuals have to think, solve problems, and understand their world accurately |
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Term
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Definition
| Behaviors, gestures, and expressions that convey thought or emotion without words |
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Definition
| The phenomenon whereby the first pieces of information to which we are exposed have the most impact on our judgments |
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Term
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Definition
| The phenomenon whereby the last pieces of information to which we are exposed have heightened impact on our judgments, relative to information received in the middle |
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Term
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Definition
| The motivation of an individual for others to know him or her accurately, including his or her negative features |
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Term
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Definition
| Inferring that the situation in which a person is in, something external to the person, caused his or her behavior |
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Term
| Spontaneous Trait Inference |
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Definition
| The process of automatically inferring traits from another person's behavior |
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Term
| Three-Stage Model of Attribution |
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Definition
| A model in which an observer automatically characterizes a behavior, automatically makes a dispositional inference, and then uses conscious effort to correct for situational constraints if the observer has the cognitive capacity to do so |
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Term
| What is Beautiful is Good Effect |
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Definition
| The phenomenon wherin beautiful things are imbued with positivity and activate positive things in the mind |
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