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| The process by which a person's performance is increased when other members of a group engage in similar behavior. |
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| A conscious or subconscious constraint by a person of behavior of a social nature. |
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| The phenomenon of people exerting less effort to achieve a goal when they work in a group than when they work alone. |
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| The tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclination of its members. |
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| Selfless concern for the welfare of others. |
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| Research psychologist who created the theory of "group think". |
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| Group members tend to be more influenced by group cohesiveness and a dynamic leader than by the realities of the situation. |
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| A group memember who provides limited information to the group and, consciously or subconsciously, utilizing a variety of strategies to control dissent and to direct the decision-making process toward a specific, limited range of possibilities. |
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| Dispositional Attribution |
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| An assumption that a person's behavior is determined by internal causes such as personal attitudes or goals. |
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| An assumption that a person's behavior is determined by external circumstances such as the social pressure found in a situation. |
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| Part of the attribution process in which one is more likely to ascribe success to internal, dispositional factors but our failures to external, situational influences. |
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| Fundamental Attribution Error |
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| The assumption that others act predominantly on the basis of their dispositions, even when there is evidence suggesting the importance of their situations. |
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| A prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true. |
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| The tendency for results to conform to experimenters' expectations unless stringent safeguards are instituted to minimize human bias. |
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| Gestalt Psychologist who pioneered experiments concerning social conformity. |
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| Changing one's attitudes or overt behavior to adhere to social norms. |
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| Submission made in reaction to a request. |
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| Foot-in-the-door Phenomenon |
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| A method for inducing compliance in which a small request is followed by a larger request. |
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| Social Psychologist most notable for his controversial experiment that tested whether or not people could resist immoral requests made by authority figures. |
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| A perspective that states that people learn within a social context and is facilitated through such concepts as modeling and observational learning. |
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| The view that we are motivated to make our cognitions or beliefs consistent. |
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| Social psychologist, responsible for the development of the Theory of Cognitive Dissonance. |
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| Phenomenon that refers to cases where individuals do not offer any means of help in an emergency situation to the victim when other people are present. |
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| Diffusion of responsibility |
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| The spreading or sharing of responsibility for a decision or behavior with a group. |
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| A form of reactivity whereby subjects improve or modify an aspect of their behavior being experimentally measured simply in response to the fact that they know they are being studied, not in response to any particular experimental manipulation. |
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| Behavioral and cognitive tendencies that are expressed by evaluating particular people, places, or things with favor or disfavor. |
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| Central Route to Persuasion |
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| Method of persuasion which inpspires thoughtful consideration of arguments and evidence. |
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| A behavior, or a disposition, that is forceful, hostile or attacking. |
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| Preconceived judgments toward people or a person because of race, social class, ethnicity, age, disability, religion,sexual orientation, or other personal characteristics. |
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| An oversimplified standardized image of a person or group. |
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| One's perception of out-group members as more similar to one another than are in-group members, e.g. "they are alike; we are diverse". |
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| The phenomenon of seeing the relationship one expects in a set of data even when no such relationship exists. |
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| Under appropriate conditions interpersonal contact is one of the most effective ways to reduce prejudice between majority and minority group members. |
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| To deprive of human qualities |
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| Psychologist known for his Stanford Prison Study. |
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| An experiment that studied the psychological effects of becoming a prisoner or prison guard. |
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