Term
|
Definition
| Two or more people who, for longer than a few moments, interact with and inluence one another and perceive one another as "us". |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The strengthening of dominant (prevelant, likely) responses in the presence of others |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Co-participants working individually on a noncompetitive activity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Concern for how others are evaluating us |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the tendency for people to exert less effort when they pool their efforts toward a common goal than when they are individually accountable. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| People who benefit from the group but give little in return |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Loss of self-awareness and evaluation apprehension; occurs in group situations that foster responsiveness to group norms, good or bad. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Group-produced enhancement of members' preexisting tendencies; a strengthening of the members' average tendency, not split within the group |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Evaluating oneself by comparing oneself with others |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling, or how they are responding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the mode of thinking that persons engage in when concurrence-seeking becomes so dominant in a cohesive in-group that it tends to override realistic appraisal of alternative courses of action |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process by which certain group members motivate and guide the group |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| leadership that organizes work, sets standards, and focuses on goals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| leadership that builds teamwork, mediates conflict, and offers support |
|
|
Term
| transformational leadership |
|
Definition
| leadership that, enabled by a leader's vision and inspiration, exerts significant influence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a preconcieved negative judgement of a group and its individual members |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a belief about the personal attributes of a group of people. Stereotypes are sometimes overgeneralized, inaccurate, and resistant to new information |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unjustified negative BEHAVIOR toward a group or its members |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an individual's prejudicial attitudes and discriminatory behavior toward people of a given race |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an individual's prejudicial attitudes and discriminatory behavior toward people of a given sex |
|
|
Term
| social dominance orientation |
|
Definition
| a motivation to have one's group dominate other social groups |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| believing in the superiority of one's own ethinic and cultural group, and having a corresponding disdain for all other groups |
|
|
Term
| authoritarian personality |
|
Definition
| a personality that is disposed to favor obedience to authority and intolerance of outgroups and those lower in status |
|
|
Term
| realistic group conflict theory |
|
Definition
| the theory that prejudice arises from competition between groups for scarce resources |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the "we" aspect of our self-concept; the part of our answer to "who am I?" that comes from our group memberships |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the tendency to favor one's own group |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| people's self-protective emotional and cognitive responses (including adhering more strongly to their cultural worldviews and prejudices) when confronted with reminders of their mortality |
|
|
Term
| outgroup homogeneity effect |
|
Definition
| perception of outgroup members as more similar to one another than are ingroup members. Thus they are alike, we are diverse |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the tendency for people to more accurately recognize faces of their own race |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a person's expectation of being victimized by prejudice or discrimination. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| explaining away outgroup members' positive behaviors; also attributing negative behaviors to their dispositions (while excusing such behavior by one's own group) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the tendency of people to believe that the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| accomodating individuals who deviate from one's stereotype by thinking of them as "exceptions to the rule". |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a disruptive concern, when facing a negative stereotype, that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype. Unlike self-fulfilling prophecies that hammer one's reputation into one's self-concept, stereotype threat situations have immediate effects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| physical or verbal behavior intended to cause harm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| agression driven by anger and performed as an end in itself |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| aggression that is means to some other end |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an innate, unlearned behavior pattern exhibited by all members of a species |
|
|
Term
| frustration-aggression theory |
|
Definition
| the theory that frustration triggers a readiness to aggress |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the blocking of goal-directed behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the redirection of aggression to a target other than the source of the frustration. Generally, the new target is a safer or more socially acceptable target |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the perception that one is less well off than others with whom one compares oneself |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded and punished |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| emotional release. The ___ view of aggression is that aggressive drive is reduced when one "releases" aggressive energy, either by acting aggressively or by fantasizing aggression |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| positive, constructive, helpful social behavior; the opposite of antisocial behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| culturally provided mental instructions for how to act in various situations |
|
|
Term
| Shachter and singer 2-part theory to arousal |
|
Definition
| Arousal feeds emotion (afraid because we tremble, not trembling because we are afraid. Have physiological arousal, then based on the social siuation, experience emotion |
|
|
