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| a force that moves people toward their desired outcome |
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| a goal fundamental for social survial |
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| the process of consciously focusing on aspects of our environment |
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| the ability of a behavior or cognitive process to operate w/o conscious guidance once its put into motion |
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| the self-control strength used to overcome counterproductive impulses to achieve difficult goals |
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mental representation of one specific episode, event, or individual
ex: thinking about football and picturing vince young |
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mental representations capturing the general characteristics of a particular class of episodes, events or individuals
ex: all college football players |
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favorable or unfavorable feelings toward people/places/things/ideas
ex: i hate ou |
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relatively intense feelings characterized by phyiological arousal and complex conditions
ex: fear, anger, and joy
*more intense and acute than attitudes |
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| relatively long-lasting feelings that are less focused than emotions and are not directed toward a particular target |
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| Evidence for Genetic Influence on Feelings |
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people from different societies express similar emotions in similar ways
ex: people in remote regions of the world agree on facial expressions
children who are born deaf, blind and brain damaged are unable to learn emotional responses from the social world
ex: still show facial expressions like smiling, laughing, anger and surprise
behavior genetic studies indicate a heritable component to emotions and moods expressed by related individuals |
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people in cultures have different rules about expressing emotion
ex:eskimos rarely show anger
our feelings are strongly influenced by how we appraise our situations
ex: pen in mouth study
ex: bronze medalists are happier than silver medalists |
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process of imagining alternative versions of actual events
ex: students reporting expected grade, actual grade and ultimate satisfaction |
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| the importance of feelings |
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happy>more likely to take chances
angry>urgency, motivation
confused>causes you to problem solve |
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| a mental representation capturing our views and beliefs about ourselves |
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| the specific attitude we have toward ourselves |
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| reflected appraisal concept |
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| the process thru which people come to know themselves by observing or imagining how others view them |
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| the process thru which people come to know themselves by comparing their abilities, attitudes and beliefs with those of others |
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| the process thru which people observe their own behavior to infer their own internal characteristics. |
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| the process thru which we try to control the impressions people form of us |
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| opportunity or threat provided by a situation |
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info about what people commonly do in a situation
ex: students wear jeans to class |
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| not wanting to be the only one who doesn't know something. the phenomenon in which people in a group misperceive the beliefs of others because everyone in the group is acting inconsistently with their beliefs |
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| rules that define what is typically approved and disapproved of in a situation |
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a situation in which certain events should follow a procedure
ex: meeting a girl, asking for a her number, calling her, going on a date... |
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demand that people behave in a particular way
ex:funeral, job interview, homecoming |
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allow people to behave in many different ways
ex: night club or a picnic |
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| socializes its members to think of themselves as ind. and gives priority to personal goals |
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| socializes it's members to think of themselves as members of a larger group and to place the groups concerns above their own |
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| extent to which a person and a situation are compatible |
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| the process through which a culture teaches its members about its beliefs, customs, habits and language |
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| situations choose the person |
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| ex: you may want to go out with someone but they must choose to go out with you |
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| person choose the situation |
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| ex:people who are more into taking risks will go whitewater rafting |
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| different situations prime different parts of the person |
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our different motives can be triggered by some situations more than others
ex: after someone attractive smiles at you, your romantic side comes out. |
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| people can change their situations |
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to better achieve their goals
ex: a party pooper (intentional)
teacher making a seating chart (unintentional) |
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| situations can change the person |
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| ex: going to college with a friend from high school |
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