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| the scientific study id how people affect and are affected by others |
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| theoretical approach that seeks to explain behavior in terms of learning principles whithout reference to inner states, thoughts, or feelings. |
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| theoretical approach that seeks to explain behavior by looking at the deep unconcious forces inside the person |
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| Affect ( how people feel inside), Behavior (what people do), Cognition (what people think about). |
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| The study of human culture-the shared values, beliefs, and practices of a group of people |
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| the study of production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, and the study of money |
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| th study of political organizations and institutions, especially governments |
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| the study of human societies and the groups that form those societies. |
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| the study of human behavior |
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| the study of what happens in the brain, nervous system and other aspects of the body |
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| branch of psychology that focuses on behavior disorders and other forms of mental illness, and how to treat them. |
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| the study of thought processes, such as how memory works and what people notice |
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| the study of how people change across their lives, from conception and birth to old age and death |
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| the branch of psychology that focuses on important differences between individuals |
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| "love of wisdom" the pursuit of knowledge about fundamental matters such as life, death, reality, and truth. |
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| research that focuses on solving particular problems |
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| research that focuses on a general understanding of basic principles that can be applied to many different problems |
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| unobservable constructs that are linked together in some logical way |
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| an idea about the possible nature of reality, a prediction tested in an experiment |
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| participants are exposed to all levels of the independent variable |
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| participants are exposed to only one level of the independent variable |
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| observable operations, procedures, and measurements that are based on the independent and dependent variables |
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| a research assistant pretending to be another participant in a study |
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| construct validity of the cause |
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| extent to which the independent variable is a valid representation of the theoretical stimulus |
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| construct validity of the effect |
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| extent to which the dependent variable is valid representation of the theoretical response |
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| a study in which the reseracher manipulates an independent variable and randomly assigns people to groups (levels of the independent variable) |
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| procedure whereby each study participant has an equal chance of being in each treatment group |
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| a type of study in which the researcher can manipulate an independent but cannot use random assignment |
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| a broader term for mind, encompassing emotions, desires perceptions and all other psychological processes. |
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| animals that seek connections to others and prefer to live work play with other members of their species |
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| the view that evolution shaped the human psych so as to enable humans to create and take part in culture |
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| an information based system that includes shared ideas and common ways of doung things |
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| the idea that the mind has two different processing systems (deliberate and automatic) |
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| the part of the mind outside of consciousness that performs simple operations |
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| the part of the mind that performs complex operations |
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| a choice in which taking or maximizing one benefit requires either accepting a cost or sacrificing another benefit |
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| self knowledge (slef concept) |
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| a set of beliefs about oneself |
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| interpersonal slef (publuc self) |
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| the image of the self that is conveyed to others |
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| agent self (executive function) |
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| the oart of the self involved in control, including both control over other people and self-control |
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| independent self construal |
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| a self concept that emphasizes what makes the self different and sets it apart from others |
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| interdependent self-construal |
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| a self concept that emphasizes what connects the self to other people and groups |
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| the different roles a person plays, as in a play or a movie |
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| attention directed toward one-self |
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| looking inward on the private aspects of the self, including emotions, thoughts, desires, and traits |
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| looking outward on the public aspects of the self that others can see and evaluate |
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| ideas (concepts) of how things might possibly be |
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| the process people use to control and change their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors |
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| the idea that people learn about themselves by imagining how they appear to others |
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| a combination of other peoples views that tells you who and what you are |
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| the process by which a person examines the contents of his or her mind and mental states. |
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| comparing yourself to people better than you |
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| downward social comparison |
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| comparing yourself to people worseoff than you |
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| the theory that people observe their own behavior to infer what they were thinking and how they are feeling |
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| the tendency for motivation to diminish for activities have become associated with rewards |
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| phenominal self(working self concept) |
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| the image of self that is currently active in the persons thoughts |
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| the simple desire to learn the truth about oneself whatever it is |
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| the desire to learn favorable or flattering things about the self |
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| a desire to get feedback that confirms what the person already believes about himself or herself |
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| the finding that information bearing on the self is processed more thoroughly and more deeply, and hence remembered better than other information |
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| the finding that items gain value to the person who owns them. |
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| in decision making the greater weight given to possible losses than possible gains |
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| in decision making the greater weight given to the present over the future |
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| in decision making the greater weight given to definite outcomes than to probabilities |
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| the idea that both men and women seek to minimize the most costly type of error but that mens and womens goals and hence worst errors differ. |
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| the preference to keep things the way they are rather than change |
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| the tendency that people are distressed by loss of freedom or options and seek to reclaim or ressert them |
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| those who believe that traits are fixed stable things (entities) and thus people should not be expected to change |
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| those who believe that traits are subject to change and improvement |
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| self-determination theory |
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| the theory that people need to feel at least some degree of autonomy and internal motivation |
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| a reduction in stress or suffering due to belief that one has the option of escaping or controlling the situation even if on e doesnt exercise it |
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| a tendency to experience automatic intrusive thoughts about a goal whose pursuit has been interrupted |
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| occurs when the activation of focul goal the person is working on inhibits the accessibility of alternative goals |
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| the tendency for plans to be overly optimistic because the planner fails to allow for unexpected problems |
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| the selfs capacity to alter its own responses;self control |
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| keeping track of behaviors or responses to be regulated |
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| the self regulation feedback loop of Test, Operate, Test, Exit |
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| the active phase of self regulation;willpower |
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