Term
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Definition
| Because deception is more commonly used, experiments in social psych typically involve a somewhat more elaborate ________. |
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Term
| experimental realism (ch 1) |
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Definition
| A study has a high level of _________ (2 words) if it successfully reproduces 'real' psychological processes. |
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Term
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Definition
| The ___________ causes people to think they would've been able to predict an outcome that's already known;it's a special prob in social psych b/c of the presence of "folk wisdom" that provides such "predictions". |
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Term
| part of a group or not (ch 1) |
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Definition
| Norman Triplett is credited w/ conducting the first true experiment in social psych. The indep vari in his experiment was ____________. |
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Term
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Definition
| Social psych lies at psych's boundary w/ _________. |
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Term
| most peeps know their strengths (ch 2) |
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Definition
| List one of the types of self-knowledge that peeps are generally good at: |
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Term
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Definition
| Peeps w/ high levels of ________ tend to be more physically and psychologically healthy, have more friends, and respond better to stress. |
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Term
| self-reference effect (ch 2) |
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Definition
| The ____________ refers to the finding that peeps rememb things better if they can relate them to themselves. |
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Term
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Definition
| The durability bias (also called the impact bias) refers to the fact that peeps tend to _______ the extent to which events will affect their emotions. |
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Term
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Definition
| The ________ effect refers to our tendency to overestimate how many peeps share our opinions - and our faults. |
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Term
| overconfidence bias (ch 3) |
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Definition
| The study of Harvard grads who were tryin to finish their thesis provided clear evidence of this bias: |
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Term
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Definition
| The Rosenthal effect occurs when our _______ influence our actions toward and/or perceptions of others. |
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Term
| fundamental, situational (ch 3) |
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Definition
| The ________ attribution error involves our tendency to underestimate the influence of _______ factors on the actions of others. |
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Term
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Definition
| _______ are simplifying mental strategies or "shortcuts" that usually, but not always, lead to correct answers or reasonable solutions. |
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Term
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Definition
| If you are trying to imagine how this quiz might've been easier if only you'd studied, you are engaging in this kind of thinking: |
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Term
| overjustification (chs 4/7) |
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Definition
| The ________ effect refers to a situation where giving someone rewards for a behavior they liked anyway makes them spend less time doing that behavior. |
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Term
| expose them to weaker attacks first so they will have refutations available (chs 4/7) |
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Definition
| McGuire's research on inoculation theory found that the best way to help peeps resist persuasion was to do this: |
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Term
| self-monitoring, commitment (chs 4/7) |
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Definition
| List 2 moderators of attitude-behavior consistency: |
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Term
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Definition
| When someone is persuaded by solid arguments to change their attitude, this is the "route" that has been used: |
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Term
| consistency, social validation (chs 4/7) |
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Definition
| List 2 priniciples of influence: |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| As far as the connection between a defendant and individ jurors, it seems clear that jurors are most lenient if the the defendant is: |
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Term
| eyewitness confidence (ch 15) |
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Definition
| Cutler and Penrod varied 10 diff factors related to an eyewitness's id in a criminal case. All but one of the 10 factors turned out have no effect on decisions about the defendant's guilt. The one factor that had an influence was _____________. |
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Term
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Definition
| The _______ effect is when peeps incorporate false and/or misleading info into their memories that was implied (often by an authority figure) but not actually true. |
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Term
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Definition
| Eyewitnesses who rememb peripheral details are _____ convincing to juries, and _____ accurate in id'ing the criminal, compared w/ eyewitnesses w/ poor memory for such details. |
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Term
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Definition
| Research evidence suggests that statistical info is generally (ineffective or effective) in persuading jurors: |
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Term
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Definition
| What specific type of case requires a "death-qualified" jury? |
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Term
| b/c peeps would start complaining of heart trouble (ch 6) |
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Definition
| In the Milgram obedience study, why did Milgram and most experts think that peeps would stop obeying after 150 volts? |
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Term
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Definition
| As the ________ of a group increases, the tendency for peeps to conform to the group also increases. |
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Term
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Definition
| Conformity is highest when peeps are faced w/ ________ situations; this seemed to be the case in 12 Angry Men, as more evidence was brought to light that ran counter to the initially "obvious" guilt of the defendant. |
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Term
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Definition
| T or F? The foot-in-the-door effect has been found to apply to obedience. |
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Term
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Definition
| Juror #8 didn't conform to the group, even though he was a minority of one at the initial vote. This is in part b/c peeps w/ relatively high ______ compared to the rest of the group are less conforming. |
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Term
| proximity of authority (ch 6) |
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Definition
| What obedience-promoting factor was present in the original Milgram study, but is absent in jury trials, perhaps explaining why juries routinely disobey the judge's orders? |
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Term
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Definition
| This term refers to the theory that venting your anger will make you less aggressive(it has been disproven by studies performed by Brad Bushman and other social psychologists). |
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Term
| frustration-aggression (ch 10) |
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Definition
| One of the first psychological theories of aggression, it suggests that blocked goals ultimately lead to aggressive behavior:_________-________ theory |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the one consequence of exposure to violent media that the "experts" agree on? |
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Term
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Definition
| This is the term for violence that's driven by anger and is typically spontaneous:_____ aggression |
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Term
| testosterone, serotonin (ch 10) |
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Definition
| W/ respect to biochemical influences, it has been shown that increased levels of _________ and decreased levels of __________ are associated w/ heightened aggressiveness. |
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Term
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Definition
| Homicides tend to be highest in this season: |
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Term
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Definition
| The "Four Horsemen" are major predictors of: |
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Term
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Definition
| Zajonc's study w/ Chinese ideographs showed that peeps favored the ones they had seen before, even though they weren't aware of it. This is called the ____-________ effect (2 words). |
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Term
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Definition
| The 'mailbox effect' and the 'alphabet effect' were actually just manifestations of the well-known influence of _____ on attraction. |
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Term
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Definition
| The ______ effect (or phenom) is the tendency for peeps to approach romantic partners whose physical attractiveness is roughly equal to their own. |
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Term
| more to talk about, shared experience opportunities increase (ch 11) |
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Definition
| List 2 reasons why similarity increases interpersonal attraction: |
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Term
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Definition
| This principle is an important determinant of initial attraction and also the single-best predictor of whether a couple will stay togeth. |
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Term
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Definition
| The presence of oths causes increased ______, which facilitates/strengthens the performance of dominant responses. |
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Term
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Definition
| Conflict resolution often requires an indep 3rd party known as a ______ comes in between the 2 sides to help find common ground. Ex: Northern Ireland. |
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Term
| realistic group theory (chs 8/13) |
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Definition
| Groups often come into conflict over limited resources such as land and power. This is the theory that predicts these as the main sources of conflict: |
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Term
| Superordinate goals (chs 8/13) |
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Definition
| _________ is the term Sherif used for shared goals that require cooperation between groups that had been in conflict. |
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Term
| group polarization (chs 8/13) |
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Definition
| Psychs use this term to describe the well-known tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than the average of individ decisions: |
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