Term
| 2 properties of political systems |
|
Definition
1)a set of independent components
2)boundaries toward the environment with which it interacts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Objective=maintain harmony
-Encourages proper behavior
-Made up of norms + taboo |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ability of someone to force their will on others |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 4 forms of political organization |
|
Definition
1)Bands
2)Tribes
3)Chiefdoms
4)States |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1)Egalitarian
2)Ranked
3)Stratified |
|
|
Term
| Why shift away from egalitarian? |
|
Definition
-foraging to cultivation=increased pop.
-increased decision making
-increased complexity + centralized gov't |
|
|
Term
| 4 evolutionary trends in social + political organization |
|
Definition
1)degree of social + political specialization increased
2) increased in centralization of power/authority
3)Positions of power have been restricted to smaller subsets of society
4)membership shifts from kinship to citizenship |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-small, related, foraging groups
-egalitarian
-leaders have recognized based on skill
-no formal laws |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Composed of single family group |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
composed of multiple family groups
-more prone to division
-more structured leadership |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Larger group based on descent
-horticulture or pastoralization
-No centralized authority
-Frequently involved in warfare
-Law system based on taboo |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
institutions that cross-cut communities and serve to unite geographically scattered groups
-Age sets (class of 2010)
-Age grades (freshman)
-based on large kin groups or volunteer association (military) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Horticulture or agriculture
-sedentary
-ranked or stratified society
-governed by a single chief
-Justice carried out by chief + his council
-Role of chief generally hereditary
-2 levels:
------chief
------commoners |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
centralized multilevel political unit which has a bureaucracy
-kinship based structure still present
-Agriculture + Industrial production
-Stratification
-pop. and boundaries controlled by centralized gov't
-Formalized written and/or oral law
-enforce law through bureaucracy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1)Ruling elite
2)Bureaucracy
3)populace |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1)Authority
2)Obligation
3)Intention of universal application
4)Sanction |
|
|
