Term
| Social Development Theory |
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Definition
- Erik Erikon
- Humans are inherently social
- Becoming socially competent improves mental health
- Has 8 distinct stages |
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Term
Social Development Theory:
Trust Versus Mistrust |
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Definition
- from age 1, children begin to learn the ability to trust
- child gains confidence and security in world around them
- unsuccessful completion of this stage can result in anx, heightened insecurities, feelings of mistrust towards world |
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Term
Social Development Theory:
Autonomy Versus Shame and Doubt |
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Definition
- ages 1-3
- children begin to become more independent
- demonstrate this by walking away from mother, choosing their clothes, actives, toys, etc
- if choices encouraged by parents, children gain autonomy
- if shamed or criticized by parents, begin to feel inadequate resulting in low self-esteem and high dependence on others
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Term
Social Development Theory:
Initiative Versus Guilt |
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Definition
- age 3-6
- children assert themselves more, being planning own activities, initiate activities with others
- if encouraged by parents, children feel secure in their decisions and ability to lead others
- if criticized or controlled, they feel like nuisances to others and remain followers, lack initiative |
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Term
Social Development Theory:
Industry Versus Inferiority |
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Definition
- ages 6-puberty
- begin to develop sense of pride
- initiate projects and see them to completion
- if initiative is not encouraged the do not feel confident and inferior, doubt their abilities |
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Term
Social Development Theory:
Identity Versus Role Confusion |
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Definition
- adolescence
- begin to look at the future in terms of career, relationships, families, housing, etc
- explore possibilities and begin to form their own identities
- sense of who they are can be hindered, which results in a sense of confusion about their role in the world |
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Term
Social Development Theory:
Intimacy Versus Isolation |
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Definition
- young adulthood
- begin to share themselves more intimately with others and explore relationships leading toward longer term commitments outside family
- Successful completion can lead to comfortable relationships and a sense of commitment, safety, and care within a relationship
- Avoiding intimacy and fearing commitment and relationships can lead to isolation, loneliness |
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Term
Social Development Theory:
Generativity Versus Stagnation |
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Definition
- middle adulthood
- ndividuals establish careers, settle down within relationships, begin families, and develop a sense of being a part of the bigger picture
- They give back to society through raising children, being productive at work, part of community, etc
- By failing to achieve these objectives, individuals become stagnant and feel unproductive |
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Term
Social Development Theory:
Ego Integrity Versus Despair |
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Definition
- senior citizens
- slow down and explore life as retired people
- develop a sense of integrity if they are satisfied with the progression of their lives
- If they see their lives as being unproductive and failing to accomplish life goals, they become dissatisfied with life and develop despair |
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Term
Social Development Theory
Micro Level Implications |
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Definition
- how to behave and interact with others
- relies on emotional development/learning how to manage feelings so they are productive and not counterproductive |
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Term
Social Development Theory
Macro Level Implications |
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Definition
- social development is about a commitment that development processes need to benefit people
- particularly, but not only, the poor
- recognizes the way people interact in groups and society, and the norms that facilitate such interaction
- change in social institutions. Progress toward an inclusive society
- social cohesion is enhanced when peaceful and safe environments within neighborhoods and communities are created |
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