Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Soc 370 Exam 3
Ch. 11-15
74
Sociology
Undergraduate 3
12/05/2011

Additional Sociology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Unmasking Racism
Definition
Based on Halloween, participant observation study with 663 participants and had them keep journals focused on costumed and events
Findings: Halloween causes people to break with social norms, overplayed racial stereotypes, portrayals of stereotyped ethnic groups, its acceptable and justified on Halloween
Term
Participant observation
Definition
Observer takes part in the act they observe
Term
Non-participant Observation
Definition
unknown to participants, do NOT interact with subjects, be as aloof as possible
Term
Thick description
Definition
focus on your sense of person's motives, intentions, meanings, context, and circumstances of action
Term
Thin description
Definition
report on act you're observing (bare bones)
Term
Erikson - Everything in its path
Definition
visited appalachian community affected by disastrous flood in 1972 and did direct observation of the repair the community went through
Term
Nathan - Freshman year study
Definition
became a college freshman for a year to understand what it means to be a college student today
Term
Complete Participant Role
Definition
being, or pretending to be, a genuine participant in a situation one observes
Term
Raymond Gold Typology of Research
Definition
Complete Participant - they don't know you're observing, you are participating entirely
Participant as Observer - participant but ppl know you're observing
Observer as participant - occasionally participate but primarily observe
Complete Observer - observer with no interaction
Term
Theoretical Saturating
Definition
The point where new interviewees or settlings look a lot like interviewees or settings one has observed before
Term
Purposeful Sampling
Definition
a non-probability sampling procedure that involves selecting elements based on the researcher's judgement about which elements will facilitate his or her investigation.
Term
Gaining Access - Lynn Loftland
Definition
Connections - who you know
Learn About Subject - knowledge
Accounts - explaining your interest
Courtesy - appreciation
Term
Gatekeepers
Definition
someone who can get a researcher into a setting
Term
Ways to gather data
Definition
pen and paper
recording device
record in memory and write down after the fact
Term
Visual Sociology
Definition
an approach to studying society and culture that employs images as a data source
Term
Advantages/disadvantages for observation techniques
Definition
observation techniques:
can eliminate interviewer effect
understand how others experience life
save money
too subjective/ can be bias based on observers reports

can violate subjects trust
Term
Generalizability issues
Definition
reliability
observations
measurements
non-random sample
demand characteristics
Term
Comparing Context of Immigrant Homicides in Miami
Definition
Are new latino immigrants more prone to violent crime?

used existing stats from miami pd to study crime rates

they found this is not true
Term
available data
Definition
data that are easily accessible to the researcher
Term
existing statistics
Definition
summaries of data collected by large organizations
Term
secondary data
Definition
research that have been collected by someone else
Term
primary data
Definition
data that the same researcher collects and uses
Term
ecological fallacy
Definition
the fallacy of making inferences about certain types of individuals from information about groups that might not be exclusively composed of those individuals
Term
physical traces
Definition
physical evidence left by humans in the course of their everyday lives
Term
erosion measures
Definition
indicators of a population's activities created by its selective wear on its physical environment
Term
accretion measures
Definition
indicators of a population's activities created by its deposits of materials
Term
unobtrusive measures
Definition
indicators of interactions, events, or behaviors, whose creation ford not affect the actual data collected
Term
personal records
Definition
records of private lives, such a s biographies, letters, diaries, and essays
Term
available data - advantages and disadvantages
Definition
saves time and money
questionable reliability
might not find data that you want
danger of committing the ecological fallacy
Term
Reloading the Canon
Definition
What should be included in the American Literary Canon?
focused on 5 minority groups
had the argument of an inverted pyramid:
civil rights movement - changes to academia - 2 lit. movements - changing expectations
Term
quantitative content analysis
Definition
analysis focused on the variable characteristics of communication
Term
units of analysis
Definition
the units about which information is collected
Term
units of observation - disney study
Definition
the units from which information is collected
Term
qualitative data analysis
Definition
content analysis designed for verbal analysis
Term
visual analysis
Definition
a set of techniques used to analyze images
Term
content analysis- pros/cons
Definition
saves money and time
unobtrusive
avoids ethical dilemmas
question of validity
Term
Needs assessment of incarcerated women in ecuador
Definition
did a needs assessment based on their housing, education etc. and received a gift bag of toiletries in return. Found women experience hardships during incarceration that would be unconstitutional in the US. Majority of women reported their basic needs were not being met.
Term
how does applied research differ from basic research
Definition
applied research is designed for future application vs. basic research intended for furthering your understanding
Term
types of research:
evaluation
outcome
cost-benefit analysis
cost effective analysis
Definition
evaluation - designed to assess impact of programs/policies
outcome - sum up effects of policies/laws in accomplishing the intent of the program
cost-benefit - compares a program's cost to its benefits
cost-effectiveness - comparison of program cost in delivering desired benefits
Term
steps of a hypothesis
Definition
Term
needs assessment
Definition
an analysis of whether a problem exists, its severity, and an estimate of essential services
Term
stakeholders
Definition
people or groups that participate or are affected by a program or its evaluation
Term
new programs:
formative analysis
process evaluation
Definition
formative- evaluation research focused on the design or early implementation states of a program or policy

process eval. - research that monitors a program or policy to determine if it is implemented as designed
Term
causal hypothesis
Definition
a testable expectation about an independent variable's effect on a dependent variabl
Term
internal validity
Definition
agreement between a study's conclusions and what is actually true
Term
coding
Definition
assigning observations to categories
Term
descriptive statistics
Definition
statistics used to describe and interpret sample data
Term
inferential statistics
Definition
statistics used to make inferences about the population from which the sample was drawn
Term
univariate analysis
Definition
analyses about one variable
Term
bivariate analysis
Definition
analyses about two variables
Term
multivariate analysis
Definition
analyses of relationships between multiple variables
Term
mode
Definition
measure of central tendency for nominal level variables
Term
mean
Definition
measure of central tendency for interval level variables
Term
median
Definition
measure of central tendency for ordinal level variables
Term
variation
Definition
Term
frequency distribution
Definition
a way of showing the number of times each category of a variable occurs in a sample
Term
skewed variable
Definition
an interval level variable that has one or a few cases that fall into extreme categories
Term
measures of dispersion
Definition
measures that provide a sense of how spread out cases are over categories of a variable
Term
range
Definition
a measure of dispersion designed for interval level variables
Term
standard deviation
Definition
accounts for every values distance from the sample mean
Term
normal distribution
Definition
bell-shaped
Term
cross tabulation
Definition
Term
measures of association
Definition
Term
measures of correlation
Definition
Term
inferential statistics
Definition
Term
social anthropology
Definition
Term
qualitative data analysis - strengths and weaknesses
Definition
Term
steps of qualitative data analysis
Definition
Term
data collection and transcription
Definition
Term
anticipatory data reduction
Definition
Term
data reduction
Definition
Term
types of coding
Definition
Term
memoing
Definition
Term
data displays
Definition
Supporting users have an ad free experience!