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Soc 320
FINAL
31
Sociology
Undergraduate 3
12/11/2011

Additional Sociology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Control Group
Definition
Not exposed to the treatment 
Term
Experimental Group 
Definition
Exposed to the treatment 
Term
Threats to internal Validity
Definition

-History Effect

-Maturation Effect 

-Experimentation Effect 

-Instrumentation Effect 

-Testing Effect 

-Regression Effect 

 

Term
Internal Validity 
Definition
The extent to which we can be sure that the outcome of the experiment is due to the treatment 
Term
Rival Hypothesis
Definition

Chuck's experiment to see if more studying increased his grades. 

This experiement does not rule out rival hypotheses becuase there is still apossibility that he was getting better grades due to the fact that he stopped drinking 3 cases of beer a week. 

Term
External Validity 
Definition
Has to do with the extent to which we can generalize our results to other poeple in other settings 
Term
Inter-rater reliability
Definition

Has to do with the degree to which 2 (or more) people measure something in the same way 

Ex: have multiple raters watch the same commercial, and ask how much agreement there is on whether the actor is a baby ect. 

Term
Coding Sheets 
Definition
The processes of describing and analyzing content are simplified by the creation of coding sheets to help keep track of the content of whatever is being studied.
Term
Content Analysis
Definition
Systematic description and analysis of recorded information
Term
Intentional Traces
Definition
Diaries, letters, and other personal documents
Term
Accretion Measures
Definition
The research evidence is some deposit of materials (Garbology) 
Term
Erosion Measures
Definition
Where the degree of selective wear on some material yeilds the measure 
Term
Non-Qualatative Research
Definition
Each hypothesis posits a specific relationship between particular vaiables. Researchers design experiments or surveys to test their hypothesis and indirectly, their theory 
Term
Qualatative Researchers
Definition
Began not with a theory or even a hypothesis but with a particular social situation or a group of people; they begin with something to observe 
Term
Verstechen
Definition
A german word that refers to a kind of understanding that comes through empathy 
Term
Science Plss 
Definition
We can study humans as objects, but people unlike atoms and planets are more than objects moved by oustide sources; people attribute meaning to their behavior and do thigns for reasons. 
Term
"Plus" 
Definition
Refers to the study of subjective aspects of behavior 
Term
Field Research 
Definition
Study people in their natural habitats 
Term
Casing the Joint
Definition
This might involve reading the newspaper accounts of an organization, studying brochures, talking with former members, or examining governemnt documents  (the researcher frequently visits the site) 
Term
Complete Observer
Definition
Has no contact with people he/she observes 
Term
Complete Participant 
Definition
Joins the poeple being observed 
Term
Participant Observer 
Definition
(most popular) The researcher acknowledges his or her status as a researcher and is thereby free to ask lots of questions 
Term
Two fundamental ethical principles that the complete participant violates by definition 
Definition

-Informed Consent 

-Respect for privacy 

Term
Gatekeeper
Definition
People who have the power to admit or refuse entry to a field 
Term
Sponsor 
Definition
A member of the group who will introduce you to other members in the group
Term
Cover Story
Definition

Prepared response to the questions that people will inevitably ask  

(should be: -Truthful

-need not elaborate

-questions you ask must go with the cover story) 

 

Term
Scratch Notes
Definition
Jottings written in the field 
Term
Field Notes
Definition
Full description of what was observed 
Term
Head Notes
Definition
Comments reflecting the observers interpretations, analysis, impressions 
Term
Theoretical Sampling 
Definition
as you do your fieldwork, follow where the data leads 
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