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(SOC 318) Chapter 2 Terms
Measuring Delinquency
23
Sociology
Undergraduate 2
01/28/2012

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Term
Adolescence-limited Offenders
Definition
Juveniles whose lawbreaking behavior is restricted to their teenager years
Term
Age-Crime Curve
Definition
The empirical trend that crime rates increase during preadolescence, peak in late adolescence, and steadily decline thereafter
Term
Aging-Out Phenomenon
Definition
The Gradual decline of participation in crime after the teenage years
Term
Chronic offenders
Definition
Youths who continue to engage in lawbreaking behavior as adults. They are responsible for the most serious forms of delinquency and violent crime
Term
Concentration Disadvantage
Definition
Economically impoverished, racially segregated neighborhoods with high crimes
Term
Continuity of Crime
Definition
The idea that chronic offenders are unlikely to age-out of crime ans more likely to continue their law- violating behavior in their adult lives
Term
Crime Index
Definition
A statistical indicator consisting of eight offenses used to gauge the amount of crime reported to the police
Term
Crimes of Interest
Definition
The Crimes that are the focus of the National Crime Victimization Survey
Term
Dark Figure Crime
Definition
The gap between the actual amount of crime committed and the crime reported to the police
Term
Ecological Fallacy
Definition
The mistake of assuming relationships found at the neighborhood level mean those factors are related at the individual level
Term
Hierarchy level
Definition
In the Uniform Crime Reports, the police record only the most serious crime incident
Term
Incidence
Definition
The number of delinquent acts committed
Term
National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)
Definition
An annual nationwide survey of criminal victimization conducted by the Bureau of Justice Statistics
Term
Nation Opinion Research Center (NORC)
Definition
Conduct the 1st nationwide victimization survey
Term
National Youth Survey (NYS)
Definition
The nationwide self-reporting survey of approximately 1,700 (11-17)children in 1976
Term
Part I Crimes (Index Crimes)
Definition
The eight offenses that form the crime index and are used to gauge the amount of crime reported to the police
Term
Part II Crimes
Definition
These are 21 less serious offenses included in the uniform Crime Reports
Term
Prevalence
Definition
The percentage of juveniles committing delinquency
Term
Racial Profiling
Definition
A practice where police use race as an explicit factor in "profiles" for guiding their decision making
Term
Self-Report Studies
Definition
Unofficial measures of crime in which juveniles are asked about their lawbreaking making
Term
Status Offenses
Definition
A behavior that is unlawful only for children
Term
Uniform Crime Reports (UCR)
Definition
The annual publication from the FBI presenting data on crimes reported to the police, number of arrests, and number of persons arrested
Term
Victimization Survey (VS)
Definition
A method of producing crime data in which people are asked about their experiences as crime victims
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