Term
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Definition
| The scientific study of human relationships and patterns |
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Term
| What are some alternatives to social Research? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does sociology differ from psychology? |
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Definition
| Sociology focuses on the forces that influence behavior rather then the mental state |
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Term
| What is the sociological perspective? |
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Definition
| seeing the general in the particular/looking for general patterns within particular people/ it's the point of view for sociologist |
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Term
| Four benefits of Sociology |
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Definition
1. Asses the truth of common sense i.e. what categorizes success
2. see opportunities and constraints in our lives i.e. the cards society deals us
3. empowers us to be active participants in our society
4. allows us to live in a diverse world |
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Term
| What is the difference between stratification and inequality? |
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Definition
| inequality is the condition and stratification is the action or situation i.e. institutional racism |
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Term
| Difference between ascribed and achieved characteristics? |
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Definition
| Ascribed status - given at birth and unchangeable Achieved status - acquired characteristics |
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Term
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Definition
| Relatively permanent patterns of specialized roles, groups, organizations, and activites that meet some fundamental social need i.e. family, politics, religion |
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Term
| How do institutions help to reify race? |
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Definition
| by making it common place or justified in their discrimination |
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Term
| Define and differentiate power, authority and prestige |
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Definition
Power - is the ability to control events or determine behavior (politicians)
Authority - is specific to control that peopl the right to command appropriate or legitimate (cops)
Prestige - social honor and respect (cultural leaders) |
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Term
| define: Values, beliefs, norms, and culture |
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Definition
values- standards or desirebility (white is more desired
Beliefs- ideas or assumptions about the nature of the social and physical reality
Norms- rules that define expected behavior
Culture- values, beliefs, and norms that human pass through generations |
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Term
| What is the relationship between culture and social structure? |
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Definition
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Term
| know the differences between basic and applied research |
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Definition
basic - advance knwoledge about how the world works and develops
applied - research that attempts to solve a concrete problem or address a specific policy question. the research has direct, practical implications |
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Term
| Difference between micro and macro approach |
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Definition
micro - small group interactions
macro - larger social structures |
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Term
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Definition
| how and why specific facts are related |
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Term
| know the basic assumptions for each theoretical framework (there are three) |
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Definition
Functionalism - everything exist for a reason/the optimist/if it doesnt benefit society survival its not important
Conflict - people are bad, always trying to exploit each other and change the norm
Interactionist - micro perspective/we define our own social interactions/people define their reality |
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Term
| How do the three perspectives of theoretical framework define issues |
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Definition
functional - macro level, interrelated pats to keep stable, looks at morality, what does this do for society, even crime is in important
social conflict- macro/social inqualities exist, society naturally benefits one group over another/how is population divided/how advantaged people keep their shit
Interaction- micro/society is an ongiong process/countless settings, people, experiences/ reality is different/ how behavior and meaning change |
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Term
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Definition
| transforming social work into social interactions |
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Term
| six factors for Obama's win |
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Definition
1 candidates dropping out due to marriage scandal
2 2004 keynot speaker at DPC
3 Won the Iowa Caucus
4 Inept campaigns by Clinton and McCain due to over conffidence
5 Failure of Bush presidency and republican led gov't
6 Obama focused on economy compared to McCain who looked at war |
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Term
| Ecological Fallacy vs Constant Turnout fallacy |
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Definition
Ecological - Macro data only, doesnt account for individual interaction
Constant turnout - assumes that the date will staay constant over time not reflecting on what actually motivates |
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Term
| According to American Sociological Association, why should we still collect racial data? |
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Definition
| It is necessary so we can look at criminal justice, education, health benefits, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| race is an every changin idea invented to characterize people, justify the system, but ultimately an important socio-politcal concept |
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Term
| what does reification mean? |
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Definition
| giving an object human power, and objectifying people (slavery) |
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Term
| what does racial formation theory argue? |
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Definition
| people are placed into racial categories by racist legislation |
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Term
| Ozawa vs US and Thind vs. US |
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Definition
| Asian and Indians are not classified as naturalized white |
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Term
| 5 characteristics of a minority group |
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Definition
group; receives an unequal treatment from other groups
identifiable because of physical or cultural characteristic that are lesser
sense of peoplehood
ascribed characteristics
group members practice endogamy |
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Term
| what factors affect whether of not a certain group will be includd within american society? |
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Definition
difference in social power-powerful each group is at the time of entrance
Voluntary or involuntary entrance - immigrant model versus colonialism
Group size, concentration, and time of entry
ethnic and racial similarity (culture and physical characteristics |
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Term
| consequences of minority group status |
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Definition
Elvis Eats Sugar Snacks For All People
Extermination - most extreme way to deal with a minority group is to eliminate them
Expulsion - the dominant group may choose to force a specific subordinate group to leave certain areas or even vacate a country
Sucession - a group cease to be a subordinate group when it secedes to form a new nation or move to an already established nation
Segregation - physical separation of two groups in residence, workplace, and social functions
Fusion - occurs when a minority group combine to form a new group
Assimilation - process by which a subordinate individual or group takes on the characteristics of the dominant group an is eventually accepted
Pluralism - implies that various groups in society have mutual respect for one anothers culture without suffering negative consequences |
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Term
| name and define americanization |
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Definition
| 1st gen moves here, 2nd dual culture conflict, 3rd assimilated |
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Term
| what is the race relation cycle? |
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Definition
1. contact 2. competition 3. accommodation 4. assimilation
assumes people came here willingly
problems arise because people dont want to get rid of their previous culture |
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Term
| 4 Dimensions of adaptation |
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Definition
cultural assimilation - accept norms and practices of new culture
secondary - equal status as in society, schools, politics, workplace
primary - hey we are all friends
marital - marrying others |
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Term
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Definition
| peaceful coexistence and a rough economic and political equality between two racial-ethic groups i.e. scots and brits |
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Term
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Definition
| when the migrating group imposes its will on indigenous groups usually through more advanced weaponry and political or military organization i.e. us verse native |
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Term
| Indigenous superordination |
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Definition
| when groups immigrating to a new society become subordinate to the group already there |
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Term
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Definition
| involves running of a country's economy and politics by an outside colonial power |
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Term
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Definition
| when one group comes to dominate another within a particular society |
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Term
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Definition
| the culture of resistance often found among subordinate groups |
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Term
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Definition
| a negative attitude toward an entire category of people, does not involve actions, based on ethnocentrism |
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Term
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Definition
| tendency to assume that ones culture and way of life is superior |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an overgeneralization associated with a racial or ethnic category that goes beyon existing evidence |
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Term
| what is the social distance scale |
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Definition
| a test to find the tendency of approach or withdrawl of a racial group, see how willing people are to interact with each other on a social level |
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Term
| what are the different levels of prejudice |
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Definition
cognitive - beliefs
emotional - feelings
action-orientation - predisposition to act |
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Term
| psychological and sociological theory differences in regards to prejudice |
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Definition
personality centered approach - psych/answers lie within the idividual/projecting own faults/scapegoating their anger/authoritarian personality to cope with childhood issues
Culture based approached - learning prejudice from the social environment/blame it on society
power/conglict view - competition leads to prejudice/marxist |
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Term
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Definition
| the denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals based on arbitrary shit |
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Term
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Definition
| crime committed by someone who was motived by arbitrary shit |
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Term
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Definition
| discrimination against people from buying homes because the neighborhood gotta stay white yo |
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Term
| what is total discrimination |
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Definition
| combined current discrimination with the past to make schools bad and jobs not available |
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Term
| what does reverse discrimination mean? |
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Definition
| not letting white people do stuff because of minority quotas |
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Term
| the various levels of discrimination |
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Definition
| verbal expression, avoidance, exclusion, physical abuse, extermination |
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Term
| define the four types of discrimination |
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Definition
isolate discrimination - harmful action by an individual without support of other memebers of the larger group
small group discrimination - harmful action by a small number of individuals acting in concert against a subordinate group
direct institutionalized d.-organzationally prescribed or community prescribed norm or regulations for negative impacts
inderct institutionalized d.- prescribed or community action with unintended impacts on a group |
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Term
| adaptations to prejudice and discrimination |
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Definition
Passive acceptance - being the only minority so you go along with the joke
Marginal participation - ethnic populations finds a niche in society were they can do their thing
Assimilation - minority acts like the rest of the majority losing self
withdrawal - move into their own neighborhood so they can be themselves
rebellion - get really mad so they fight and be aggressive against the majority
organized protest - ethnic groups unite to show how racist everyone is |
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Term
| relationships between prejudice and discrimination/mertons typology |
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Definition
unprejudiced non-discriminator - all weather liberal
unprejudiced discriminator- reluctant liberal
prejudiced non-discriminator - timid bigot
prejudiced discriminator - all-weather bigot |
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Term
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Definition
| when someone hates on another for having characteristics they cant control and saying those characteristics effect who they are |
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Term
| how does racism, prejudice, and discrimination relate |
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Definition
| prejudice is the thought, discrimination is the action, racist is the concept |
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Term
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Definition
| saying we are colorblind, that racialy equality is now in the hands of minorities, minorities preferential treatment is unfair |
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