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| Group assigning subordaniate status to minority groups |
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| system of inequality in which race is the major criterion for rank and rewards |
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| the subordinate group in society |
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| Socihistorical process by which races are continually being shaped and transformed |
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| culturally distintive characterstics based on race religion and national origin |
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| Group labeled as a race by the wider society and bound together by their common and social and econmic conditions, resulting in distinctive cultural and ethnic characteristics |
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| Explanations that view the secondary status of minorties as a result of their own behaviors and cultural traits |
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| Explanations that blame the prejudiced attitudes of majority members for the secondary status of minorities |
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| Structural discrimination theories |
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| explanations that focus on the institutionalized patterns of discrimination as the sources of the secondary status of minorities |
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| overt acts by individuals that harm members of another race |
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| established and customary social arrangment that exclude on the basis of race |
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| the disporportionate exposure of some racial groups to toxic substances |
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| the idea that race no longer matters in explaining inequality or in policy making, since racism has been over come |
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| Efforts to increase worker effciency by breaking down work into very specialized tasks, the standradization of tools and procedures and speeding up of repetitive work |
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| separation of human beings from each other, from themselves, and from the products they create |
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| substandard working environment where labor laws are violated |
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| Segmented labor market (dual labor market) |
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| Capitolost econmoy divided into 2 distinct sectors- one in which production and working conditions are relatively stable and secure, the other composed of marginal firms in which working conditions, wages, and job security are low. |
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| people who have not actively sought work for 4 weeks. these people are not counted as unemployed by the bureau of labor statistics |
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| reserve army of the employed |
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| unemployed people who want to work. their presence tends to depress the wages of workers and keeps those working from making demands because of the fear of being replaced |
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| the process by which the earth's peoples are increasingly interconnected economically, politically, culturally, and enviromntally |
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| Investment choices that invlove the mobemnet of corporate monies from one investment to another.(overseas, plant relocation, and mergers) |
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| structural transformation of the economy |
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Definition
| fundmental change in the economy resulting from several powerful contemporary forces: tecnological breakthroughs in microelectroics, the globalization of the economy, capitol flight, and the shift from manufacturing to a econmy based in inforation and services |
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| when a company moves its production to another country producing the sme products bit with cheaper labor, lower taxes, and lower benifits to workers. |
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| the process of transferring a specific task to a foreign firm to save money and reintergrating that work back into the overall operation |
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| Industries declining in output and employment |
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| Industries Characertized by increased output and employment |
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| employment arrangement whereby employees work as temps or independent contractors, freeing employers from paying fringe benefits |
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| Homeshoring (homesourcing) |
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| the process of employing home-based independent contractors |
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Definition
| Unemployed workers who face being employed at comparably paying jobs because their training and skills have become obselete |
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