A mental state of normlessness

Being in a situation where you have no behavior rules to follow

Refers to crimes committed by a person of high social status, during the course of his/her occupation

-embezzlement, theft, and insider trading

• All societies are comprised of subcultures and some of the subcultures are deviant in a few ways.
• Deviance already exists in all societies as a cultural pattern for behavior
• As the self moves from one small association group to another, the expression of different norms and values are required for the survival in the group

general crime committed by individuals

Essentially entails the F.B.I.'s list of the Eight Index Crimes

(Murder, Larceny, Aggravated Assault, Robbery, Burglary, Auto Theft, Arson, Rape)

• A person becomes deviant only when some deviant (non-deviant) label has been successfully applied to the person

• Takes place through role taking of significant others around them

• The person recognizes the label and eventually internalize the label and all related norms and values

whether the label applied was successful is dependent upon the relative weights of the significant other and the degree of agreement regarding the labels

Refers to a crime committed by a person of ordinary status during the course of his/her occupation

-inventory shrinkage and cash pilfering

• blue collar crime is the rationale for employee drug testing, lie detector test, and personality testing that is becoming common in the US

any behavior that violates certain social norms

NO UNIVERSALS

RELATIVE in definition (ie Incest)

• half white, half black arrested

• 80% under the age of 25

• 80% male

• 45% of all US murders occur in 8 southern states

• 60% white
• white, single males, under age 25
• 1 crime where the majority are black

• 56% committed by non-white

• 70% committed by white

• 69% white

• 63% white

• 76% white

• 73% white

30,000 consumers because of product defects

100,000 workers because of known safety violations

Total: 130,000

3-4 Billion $ lost

18,000-25,000 lost lives

Anomie Theory

Cultural Transmission Theory

Labeling Theory

Person only becomes deviant after the label has been applied to the person

Labeling takes place through role taking

The self internalizes deviant norms and values from subcultures and groups in society that the individual spends the most time in

These values are required for survival in the group

200-500 Billion $

losses around 1 trillion $

30,000 consumers lost

100,000 employees lost

300,000-400,000 in US

5.6 million in the world

There are no universals

What is defined as deviance in one region may not be defined as deviance in another