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| sets of interrelated ideas that describe or explain social phenomena |
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| relatively large population that lives in a given territory, has a social structure, and shares a culture |
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| Enduring and regular social arrangements |
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| Applying the scientific method to social phenomena |
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| Ideas, values, practices, and material objects that allow groups of people to carry out their collective lives in relative order and harmony |
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| Intended actions and consequences meant to help some part of the system and keep it in balance |
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| Unintended consequences of actions that help the system adjust |
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| Representative portion of the overall population |
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| Anything that meaningfully represents something else |
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| Possessions that indicate a person's wealth, social, or professional status |
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| Groups of people who accept most of the dominant culture but are set apart from it by one or more culturally significant characteristics |
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| The practice of judging all other cultures by the standards of one's own culture |
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| Understanding a culture on its own terms without judgement |
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| a feeling of norm-less-ness; weaker or fewer social ties |
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| More traditional, characterized by small, intimate, familiar closeness |
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| More modern, impersonal, distant, limited social relationships |
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| positive rewards or negative punishment when norms are accepted or violated |
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| The lifelong process by which a person learns and comes to accept the ways of a group or society |
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| Social engagement between two or more people who perceive and orient their actions to one another |
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| Status assigned to people whether they want it or not (i.e. race, parent, child, etc.) |
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| Status obtained on the basis of what people accomplish, or the nature of their capacities. (i.e. married, town resident, education, income) |
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| Small, close-knit, intimate face-to-face interactions. Helps to form an identity |
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| larger, more impersonal. Often based on a common interest or activity. |
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| Groups we refer to when we evaluate ourselves |
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| Managing the impression that others have of us |
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| Physical or tangible creations that members of a culture make, use, and share |
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| Intangible creations of a culture such as beliefs, ideas, and values |
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| Initial act of rule-breaking |
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| A person who has been labeled as deviant accepts that new identity and continues the deviant behavior. |
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| a violation of cultural norms |
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| Involves norms that have been codified and are enforced by some institutional authority. |
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