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soc 1 benokatis
ch9-12 study guide
46
Sociology
Undergraduate 4
05/04/2011

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Term
Biological characteristics determine
Definition
chromosmes anatomy hormone and other physical and physiological attributes
Term
Gender
Definition
learned attitudes and behaviors that characterize women and men
Term
gender identity
Definition
perception of oneself as eiter maculine or feminine
Term
Gender Role
Definition
the characteristics, attitudes , feelings, and behaviors that society exepects of females and males.
Term
Gender Stratisfication
Definition
people's unequaal access to wealth, power, status, prestige, opportunity, and other valued resources because of their sex
Term
Male and female performane in math
Definition
boys steered to engeneering, girls to social work, started in preschool.
Term
gender pay gap
Definition
the overall income difference between women and men in the workplace.
Term
What is the result of several studies about gender pay gap
Definition
Men are generally paid more than men
Term
pregnancy discrimination act
Definition
makes it illegal for a pregnant employee to be penalized or fired
Term
sexual orientation
Definition
a prefernce for sexual partners of the same sex, of bot or neither
Term
intersexual
Definition
hermaphodite, transgendered
Term
genetic base of sexual orientation
Definition
that Sexual orientation is inherited.
Term
What functionalists belive about gender role
Definition
That gender roles differ because women and men have distinct roles and resposibilities
Term
what feminist theory says about sexuality
Definition
That men use violence including seual harassment, rape, and global sex trafficking to control womens sexuality
Term
What is race
Definition
a group of people wo share physical characteristics, such as skin color and facial features, tha are passed on therough reproduction.
Term
What are racial characteristics
Definition
Characteristics a race shares such as skin color hair texture and eye shape.
Term
Race and ethnicity refer to
Definition
Race-personal features
ethnicity-group of people from common origin.
Term
Majority and minority migration to U.S in 1900
Definition
85% from Europe,
Term
undocumented migration to U.S
Definition
more than a million a year
Term
Genocide
Definition
the systematic effort to kill all members of a particulr group.
Term
Assimilation
Definition
the process of conforming to the culture of the majority group(Book says Dominant)
Term
prejudice
Definition
is an attitude, positive or negative, towrd people becase of their group membership.
Term
ethnocentrism
Definition
the belief that one's own culture, society or group is inherntly superior to others
Term
Government
Definition
a formal organization that has the authority to make and enforce laws.
Term
Politics
Definition
a social process, through which individual and groups acqure and exercise power
Term
Power
Definition
the ability of a person or group to affect the behavior of others despite resistance
Term
Authority
Definition
the legitimate use of power
Term
which social theorist described legitimate authority
Definition
Max Weber
Term
Rational-Legal Authority
Definition
is power based on the belife that laws and appointed or elected political leaders are legitimate.
Term
Totalaritianism
Definition
a political system in which gov't control evey aspect of a persons life
Term
Authoritirianism
Definition
a political system where the states control the lives of the citizens but permits some degree of individual freedom
Term
Lobbyists
Definition
A representitive of a special interest group who tries to influence plitical decisions
Term
political action committee
Definition
a group that raises money to elect one or more candidates to public office.
Term
Economic institution
Definition
Network of commercial organizations (such as manufacturers, producers, wholesalers, retailers, and buyers) who generate, distribute, and purchase goods and services. See also financial institutions.
Term
colonialism
Definition
the control or governing influence of a nation over a dependent country, territory, or people
Term
capitilism
Definition
an economic system where wealth is invested and reinvested to produce profits.
Term
monopoly
Definition
situation where one person or company controls a particular market or industry
Term
4 essential characteristics of socialism
Definition
1.colletive ownership of private property

2.Cooperation

3.No profit motve

4. Collective goals rather than individual investments
Term
Karl Marx predictions about communism
Definition
Marx predicted would become dominant around the world because explited workers woul revolt against the yoke of capatilism.
Term
Communism
Definition
a political and economic system in which all members of a society are equal.
Term
Coorperation
Definition
a social entity that has legal rights, privliges, and liabilities apart from those of its members
Term
Conglomerate
Definition
a giant corporation that owns a collection of companies in different industries
Term
interlocking directorate
Definition
Conglomeration of top coorperation heads
Term
Transitonal coorperation
Definition
most powerful coorperation corporations that own a collection of different companies in various industries
Term
Where the majority of U.S jobs go
Definition
to low wage jobs
Term
Funtionalism
Definition
American dream
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