Term
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Definition
| Interest group, conflict, power, inequality. |
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Term
| Functionalist Perspective |
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Definition
| Functions, interdependence between different social institutions, Social order. |
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Term
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Definition
| Looking closer at detail, analysis of interactions between individuals, small scale. |
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Term
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Definition
| C. Wright Mills, the realization that personal troubles are rooted in public issues. |
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Term
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Definition
Functionalist Perspective: Emile Durkheim, integration, equilibrium, moral discipline.
- focusing on how society creates and maintains social order, society is like a human body: organs with specific functions work together in balance to maintain the whole. (changes slow, and evolving)
- Society is integrated through some common values or morals among its members.
Conflict Theory: (karl Marx) Considers how society is held together by power of coercion for the benifit of those in power.
- social change comes from class conciousness of workers.
- Conflict arrises from unequal positions held by members of society.
- Society consists of different interest groups fighting over scarce economic resources, social prestige, political power of society.
- The authority to impose ones values on society.
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Term
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Definition
- Claims society is composed of everpresent interactions among individuals who share symbols.
- Shared expectations
- Focuses on individuals and how they interpret their interaction.
- (George Mead)
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Term
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Definition
| Social condition/behavior that has negative consequences for many people, and is generally considered a behavior that needs to be addressed. |
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Term
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Definition
Acknowledging that a particular social problem exists.
- Can be confirmed by a collection of data. |
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Term
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Definition
Addresses how a problem becomes subjectively defined or perceived as a "problem".
- "social construction of reality" (Berger and Luckman) |
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Term
| Stages Of Social Problems |
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Definition
STAGE 1:
-Transformation/claims
-making process
-transforming a private trouble into a public issue.
STAGE 2:
- Legitimization process
- Formalizing the manor in which the social problems or complaints generated by the problem are handled.
STAGE 3:
- Conflict/reclaim
- Making stage
- Readjusting, renegotiating, and reorganizing the formal response system.
STAGE 4:
- Seeking alternative strategies
- Begins when groups believe they can no loger work within the established system and must eather radically change they system or work outside it.
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Term
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Definition
| Lacks basic necessities, Food/shelter and income. |
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Term
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Definition
| Situation where people are falling behind the average income or life style |
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Term
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Definition
| Family income below twice poverty line. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Poverty rate African American |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Poverty rate under the age of 18 |
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Definition
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Term
| Families headed by single mothers |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| As many as 1/3 suffer from severe physical disabilities |
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Term
| Poorest region in the U.S. |
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Definition
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Term
| Sociological view on race |
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Definition
| group of people "believed" to be a biological group sharing generally transmitted traits defined as important... race is social construct. |
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Term
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Definition
| Group or population which shares set of genetic characteristics and physical features. |
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Term
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Definition
| A group of people who share common historical and cultural heritage and a sense of group identity and belonging. |
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Term
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Definition
| an irrational attitude toward a certain group of people based solely on the fact that they are in a particular group. |
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Term
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Definition
| Behavior/ unequal treatment of people because they ar members of that specific group. |
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Term
| Robert Merton Categorization |
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Definition
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Prejudiced?
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Discriminates?
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Yes
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No
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Yes
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Active Bigots
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Fair-Weather Liberals
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No
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Timid Bigots
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All-Weather Liberals
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Term
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Definition
| Occupational segregation: in the workplace, the concentration of women into low paying clerical and service jobs |
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Term
| Horizontal segregation in the workplace |
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Definition
| separation of women and men across occupations. |
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Term
| Vertical segregation in the workplace |
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Definition
| elevation of men into the best paid and most desirable occupations, where women remain in lower paid positions with no job mobility. |
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Term
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Definition
| Fixed physiological differences between males and females assigned at birth. |
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Term
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Definition
| Differences determined by society and culture. |
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Term
| Feminist Wave 1: (1800's) |
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Definition
| geared toward women right to vote |
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Term
| Feminist Wave 2: (1960's) |
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Definition
| Womens expansion of legal rights such as equal workplace and educational opportunities. |
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Term
| Feminist Wave 3: ( 1900's) |
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Definition
| Globally expanded fight for rights for women to also include race, ethnicity, social class, and sexual orientation. (intersectionality) |
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Term
| Feminist Wave 4: ( Today) |
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Definition
| synthesizes the 2nd waves emphasis on equality and the third waves focus on global inequality. |
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Term
| Increase in which family forms. |
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Definition
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Term
| Functionalist perspective on family |
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Definition
| Family performs several essential functions including socialization of children, provides emotional and practical support for its members, and regulates sexual activity and reproduction. |
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Term
| Conflict perspective on family |
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Definition
| family contributes to social inequality by reinforcing economic inequality in patriarchy. can also be a source of conflict by including physical violence and emotional cruelty. |
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Term
| Interactionist perspective on family |
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Definition
| involve shared understanding of situations among family members. wife and husbands have different forms of communication and social class affects expectations of family members have for each other. |
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Term
| Feminist perspective of family |
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Definition
| Heads of household are not equal, and is dominated by the male who makes the economical and political decisions. |
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Term
| Social/Historical conditions related to divorce rates |
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Definition
| family performing less functions, no fault divorce laws, economic independence of women, increasing geographic and occupational mobility, less stigma attached to divorce. |
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Term
| Possibility marriage ending in divorce |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-Household income of women drastically declines
-children with divorced parents tend to have poor life and educational outcomes. |
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Term
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Definition
- Couples who marry under 20
-Those living at 200% poverty level
-Those limited educational experience |
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Term
| Functionalist perspetive of education |
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Definition
| education makes socialization, social integration, social placement, establish peer relationships. |
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Term
| Conflict perspective of education |
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Definition
| Promotes social inequality through tracking and standardized testing. |
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Term
| Symbolic interactionist perspective of education |
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Definition
| focus on social interaction in classroom and other school venues. |
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Term
| Strongest predictor of student achievement |
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Definition
| Socioeconomic status of parents. |
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Term
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Definition
| segregation process result of other processes such as housing segregation. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Functionalist perspective on media |
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Definition
| Examines structural relationships between media and other social institutions. |
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Term
| Conflict perspective on media |
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Definition
| only understood when we know who controls it, usually main a profit is most important. those who control media are able to manipulate that we see read and hear. |
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Term
| Feminist perspetive on media |
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Definition
| understand how media devalues women and minorities, either stereotypes women and minorities or excludes them all together. |
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Term
| Interactionist perspetive on media |
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Definition
| Symbols and messages of media and how they define our reality. mass media helps influence what people think about and what is defined as a social problem. |
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Term
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Definition
| Explicit language during the family hour, increased by 94.8%. violence and profanity is on television now more than ever. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ability to access, understand, and critically evaluate different aspects of media and its content. |
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Term
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Definition
| technique that sells a product or service by convince the customer that others are suing and they should join the crowd. |
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Term
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Definition
| associating a product or company with a famous person, catchy jingle, derivable state or powerful emotion creates a strong psychological connection in a customer. |
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Term
| Functionalist perspective on crime |
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Definition
| (Agnews expanded strain theory) - provides insight into criminal differences by gender, class, race/ ethnicity, and communities as well as situational variations in crime. |
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Term
| Interactionist perspective on crime |
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Definition
-Crimes are learned and culturally transmitted through socialization
(differential association theory) - Crime is learned though interaction with others ( gang involvement)
(labeling theory) - weather others define or label a person as deviant is a critical determinant in the development of deviant behavior. |
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Term
| Conflict Perspective on crime |
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Definition
- Crime and laws don't exist for out own good but to preserve the interest and power of specific groups (power perspective)
- Criminal justice systems discriminate and sanctioned offenders based on minority or subordinate group ( social status perspective) |
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Term
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Definition
| behavior that violates social norms and arouses strong social disapproval. |
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Term
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Definition
| crime attributed to a larger scale of economic loss, and more death compared to street crimes. |
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