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Smith AP Physics B Formulas
All semester 1 and 2 formulas you should know
78
Physics
12th Grade
04/26/2012
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Term
Coulomb's Law
 Definition
F = kq1q2 / r2
Term
Electric Field due to a Point Charge
 Definition
E = kq / r2
Term
Electric Potential due to a Point Charge
 Definition
V = kq / r
Term
Relationship between E-field and Potential Difference
 Definition
V = -Ed
Term
Relationship between Potential Difference and Speed
 Definition
qV = .5mv2
Term
Definition of Capacitance
 Definition
C = Q / V
Term
Capacitance based on Geometry of the Capacitor
 Definition
C = εo A / d
Term
Energy stored by a Capacitor
 Definition
μ = .5QV
Term
Ohm's Law
 Definition
V = IR
Term
Resistance of a Wire
 Definition
R = ρl / A
Term
Electrical Power
 Definition
P = IV = I2R = V2 / R
Term
Battery EMF
 Definition
Vterminal = Videal - Ir
Term
Resistance for a Series
 Definition
Req = ∑ R
Term
Resistance for a parallel circuit
 Definition
Req = (∑ R-1)-1
Term
Capacitance for a series
 Definition
Ceq = (∑ C-1)-1
Term
Capacitance for a parallel circuit
 Definition
Ceq = ∑ C
Term
Magnetic Flux
 Definition
Φ = BACosΘ
Term
Magnetic Force on a Wire
 Definition
F = BILSinΘ
Term
Magnetic Force on a Particle
 Definition
F = qvBSinΘ
Term
Radius of a particles path (in a B-field)
 Definition
r = mv / qB
Term
Magnetically Induced EMF
 Definition
V = NΔΦ / Δt = NΔ(BACosΘ) / Δt
Term
B-field produced by a current
 Definition
B = μoI / 2Πr
Term
Relationship between frequency and wavelength
 Definition
c = fλ
Term
Law of (the angle of) Reflection
 Definition
Θi = Θr
Term
Mirror and Lens Equation
 Definition
Si-1 + So-1 = f -1
Term
Magnification for Mirrors and Lenses
 Definition
M = -Si / So = hi / ho
Term
Snell's Law (of Refraction)
 Definition
niSinΘi = nrSinΘr
Term
Diffraction Equation
 Definition
dSinΘ = mλ
Term
Energy of a Photon
 Definition
E = hf
Term
Photon Momentum
 Definition
p = E / c
Term
DeBroglie Particle Wavelength
 Definition
λ = h / p
Term
Definition of Velocity
 Definition
v = Δx / Δt
Term
Definition of acceleration
 Definition
a = Δv / Δt
Term
Final velocity from initial velocity, time, and acceleration
(Kinematics) 
 Definition
v = vo + at
Term
Final velocity based on initial velocity, acceleration, and position
(Kinematics)  
 Definition
v2 = vo2 + 2ax
Term
Position based on initial velocity, time, and acceleration
(Kinematics)  
 Definition
x = vot + .5at2
Term
Position based on time, initial velocity, and final velocity
(Kinematics)  
 Definition
x = t [(vo + v) / 2]
Term
Newton's 2nd Law
 Definition
ΣF = ma
Term
Definition of Weight
 Definition
Fg = mg
Term
Coefficient of friction
 Definition
Ffric = μFn
Term
Centripetal acceleration
 Definition
ac = v2 / r
Term
Newton's Law of universal gravitation
 Definition
Fg = Gm1m2 / r2
Term
Definition of Work
 Definition
w = FdCosΘ
Term
Definition of Kinetic Energy
 Definition
KE = .5mv2
Term
Work-KE theorem
 Definition
Wnet = ΔKE
Term
Definition of Gravitational Potential Energy
 Definition
PEg = mgh
Term
Law of Conservation of Mechanical Energy
 Definition
KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf
Term
Definition of Power
 Definition
P = w / t
Term
Definition of Momentum
 Definition
p = mv
Term
Impulse-Momentum Theorum
 Definition
FΔt = Δp
Term
Law of Conservation of Momentum
 Definition
m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f
Term
Momentum Conservation for Elastic Collisions
 Definition
v1i + v1f = v2i + v2f
Term
Definition of Torque
 Definition
T = rFSinΘ
Term
Two conditions for Static Equilibrium
 Definition
∑T = 0
∑F = 0 
Term
Definition of Density
 Definition
ρ = m / V
Term
Definition of Presure
 Definition
P = F / A
Term
Guage Pressure
 Definition
P = ρgh
Term
Absolute Pressure
 Definition
P = Po + ρgh
Term
Pascal's Principle
 Definition
F1 / A1 = F2 / A2
Term
Archimedes' Principle
 Definition
Fb = ρVg
Term
Continuity Equation
 Definition
A1v1 = A2v2
Term
Volume Flow Rate
 Definition
Vo / t = Av
Term
Hooke's Law
 Definition
F = -kx
Term
Definition of Elastic Potential Energy
 Definition
PEs = .5kx2
Term
Period of a Mass-Spring
 Definition
T = 2Π √(m / k)
Term
SHM Position as a Function of Time
 Definition
x = ACos(2Πft)
Term
Period of a Pendulum
 Definition
T = 2Π√(L / g)
Term
Wave Speed
 Definition
v = fλ
Term
Fundamental Frequency for String/Open pipe
 Definition
f = v / 2L
Term
Fundamental Frequency for a Closed Pipe
 Definition
f = v / 4L
Term
Ideal Gas Law
 Definition
PV = nRT
Term
Thermal expansion
 Definition
ΔL = αLoΔT
Term
Rate of Heat Conduction
 Definition
H = kAΔT / L
Term
Relationship between Temperature and Kinetic Energy
 Definition
Kavg = 1.5kBT
Term
RMS Speed
 Definition
vrms = √(3RT / M)
Term
First Law of Thermodynamics
 Definition
Δu = Q + w
Term
Work done by a gas
 Definition
w = -PΔv
Term
Efficiency of a Carnot Engine
 Definition
e = (TH - TC) / TH
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